Possible Numbers

When the tens digit of a three digit number a b c \overline{abc} is deleted , a two digit number a c \overline{ac} is formed. How many numbers a b c \overline{abc} are there such that a b c = 9 a c + 4 c \overline{abc} = 9\overline{ac} + 4c .

Source : JMO sample paper


The answer is 6.

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2 solutions

Takeda Shigenori
Nov 9, 2017

A handy way to deal with digits is by expressing the number algebraically. Here we have a b c = 9 a c + 4 c \overline{abc}=9\overline{ac}+4c 100 a + 10 b + c = 9 ( 10 a + c ) + 4 c 100a+10b+c=9(10a+c)+4c 10 a + 10 b = 12 c 10a+10b=12c 5 ( a + b ) = 6 c 5(a+b)=6c Since 5 is a prime number, and 6 is not divisible by 5, c c must be a multiple of 5. However, c c can only be a single digit number as it is a digit in the number a b c \overline{abc} . Therefore we must have c = 0 c=0 or c = 5 c=5

If c = 0 c=0 , then a + b = 0 a+b=0 , which is impossible as a a is the first digit of the three digit number a b c \overline{abc} .

If c = 5 c=5 , then a + b = 6 a+b=6 , and hence we have 6 solutions ( 1 , 5 ) , ( 2 , 4 ) , ( 3 , 3 ) , ( 4 , 2 ) , ( 5 , 1 ) , ( 6 , 0 ) (1,5), (2,4), (3,3), (4,2), (5,1), (6,0) . Keep in mind that a 0 a \neq 0 .

Therefore, there are 6 numbers satisfying the equation: 155 , 245 , 335 , 425 , 515 , 605 \boxed{155, 245, 335, 425, 515, 605}

Very nicely explained ! (+1)

Rishu Jaar - 3 years, 7 months ago
Rishu Jaar
Nov 9, 2017

Let the three digit number a b c \overline{abc} be 100 a + 10 b + c 100a + 10b + c and similarly ; Let a c \overline{ac} be 10 a + c 10a + c .

Now according to the given equation , 100 a + 10 b + c = 9 ( 10 a + c ) + 4 c 5 ( a + b ) = 6 c 100a + 10b + c = 9(10a + c) + 4c \\ \implies 5(a+b) = 6c

Now as a , b , c a,b,c are integers between 0 to 9 , and a 0 a\neq 0 , the only possibility is a + b = 6 a+b = 6 and c = 5 c = 5 .

Therefore , by taking a = 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 a= 1,2,3,4,5,6 and using b = 6 a b=6 - a , we get the total such numbers as 6 \large \color{#3D99F6}{\boxed{6}} .

@RISHU Jaar could you tell the year of the source?

Sumukh Bansal - 3 years, 7 months ago

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Sure , 2015 mathematical olympiad , my friend asked me to solve this one , i liked it.

Rishu Jaar - 3 years, 7 months ago

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It is a nice problem.

Sumukh Bansal - 3 years, 7 months ago

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@Sumukh Bansal Yeah it is for sure. ¨ \ddot\smile

Rishu Jaar - 3 years, 7 months ago

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@Rishu Jaar Try this you will love it.

Sumukh Bansal - 3 years, 7 months ago

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