8 1 sin 2 x + 8 1 cos 2 x = 3 0
There are two positive values of sin x that satisfy the equation above. Submit the smaller positive value of sin x .
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Nice solution! I did the problem much the same way.
Note : Since sin 2 x can have two positive values ( 4 1 , 4 3 ) , we get four real values for sin x : ± 2 1 , ± 2 3 . All four are valid solutions of the original equation.
This same equation with a different question came in NSEJS exam which I gave! Nice solution!
Step 1 : Stare at the equation for 30 seconds.
8 1 s i n 2 x + 8 1 c o s 2 x = 3 0
Step 2 : notice that both 30 and 81(i.e. 3 4 ) are related to each other (factors of three).
Step 3 : re-write the equation as:
3 4 s i n 2 x + 3 4 c o s 2 x = 3 0
Step 4 : let ☆ be 4 s i n 2 x and ✿ be 4 c o s 2 x
And re-write the equation as:
3 ☆ + 3 ✿ = 3 0
Step 4.99 : just by looking at it we can conclude that either ☆=3 ,✿=1 or vice versa
as 3 3 + 3 1 = 3 0 = 2 7 + 3 =30
Or
3 1 + 3 3 = 3 0 =3+27=30
Step 5 : bringing back sin and cos
If 4 s i n 2 x = 3 ,then principal value of sin x will be sin 60° (i.e. 2 3 ) and cosx will cos 30°(I.e. 2 1 )
If 4 s i n 2 x = 1 then principal value of sinx will be sin 30°(I.e. 2 1 ) and cos x will be cos 60°(I.e. 2 3 ) Hence the minimum value of sinx =sin30°(I.e. 2 1 ) =0.5
Note that we are neglecting the negative values of sinx and cosx as we are required to find the minimum value and negative values of sinx lies in third and fourth quadrants which will definitely be greater than 30°.
I literally did it in two lines but the explanation took a lot :P
Yes that’s kind of how I did it. I saw that 30=27+3 which are both powers of 81 so sin^2 x = 1/4 or sin x = 1/2
thanks but could this problem be solved with a log?
Both step 1 and the term 'step 4.99' made me giggle. You have nice sense of humour
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Let us rewrite the above equation as:
8 1 sin 2 x + 8 1 1 − s i n 2 x = 8 1 sin 2 x + 8 1 s i n 2 x 8 1 = 3 0 .
Let u = 8 1 s i n 2 x so that we obtain the quadratic equation u + u 8 1 = 3 0 ⇒ u 2 − 3 0 u + 8 1 = 0 ⇒ ( u − 3 ) ( u − 2 7 ) = 0 ⇒ u = 3 , 2 7 . Now if 8 1 s i n 2 x = 3 4 sin 2 x = 3 , 2 7 ⇒ sin 2 x = 4 1 , 4 3 ⇒ sin ( x ) = 2 1 , 2 3 . Since 2 1 < 2 3 , the answer is 2 1 .