Problem requires hard work!

Geometry Level 4

Two equilateral triangles are inscribed in a circle with radius r r . Let A A be the area of the set consisting of all points interior to both triangles. Find the minimum value of A r 2 \dfrac{A}{r^2} .

Choose the answer choice that is closest to the actual value.

1.23 0.98 0.82 0.86 0.95 1.25 0.16 none of them

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2 solutions

Aditya Agarwal
Jan 7, 2016

So the area we want will be maximum, if both the triangle coincide. And as we rotate one of the triangles, then area between them would start getting lesser and lesser. The minimum area would be achieved when the side F D FD is parallel to A B AB . So lets start by calculating the areas of the triangles. The areas of both the triangles would be equal.

Now the area of each triangle would be 3 ( 3 r ) 2 4 = 3 3 r 2 4 \frac{\sqrt3(\sqrt3r)^2}{4}=\frac{3\sqrt3r^2}{4}

So now we have to calculate the area of the hexagon. For that, we calculate the area of the 6 6 smaller triangles and subtract them from the area of both the triangles.

The side of each of the smaller triangles would be 1 3 \frac13 of the side of the equilateral triangles, and each of those 6 6 smaller triangles would be equilateral too. (Which can be shown easily)

Now, we get that the area of the hexagon is 3 3 r 2 4 3 ( 3 ( r 3 ) 2 4 ) = 3 3 r 2 4 ( 3 r 2 4 ) = 3 r 2 2 \frac{3\sqrt3r^2}{4}-3\left(\frac{\sqrt3(\frac{r}{\sqrt3})^2}{4}\right)=\frac{3\sqrt3r^2}{4}-\left(\frac{\sqrt3r^2}{4}\right)=\frac{\sqrt3r^2}2

So I get the answer as 3 2 \frac{\sqrt3}2

hey u have taken area of hexagon 2 times while adding area of triangle

Atul Shivam - 5 years, 5 months ago

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How? I have doubled the area of the triangles as well, so it gets cancelled.

Aditya Agarwal - 5 years, 5 months ago

I think you have did

2×area of big triangle - 6×area of small triangles= area of hexagon is it so???

Atul Shivam - 5 years, 5 months ago

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Thanks! I edited it.

Aditya Agarwal - 5 years, 5 months ago

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:-) :-) :-) :-)

Atul Shivam - 5 years, 5 months ago

And as we rotate one of the triangles, then area between them would start getting lesser and lesser.

I don't think this is not justified. It looks obvious but that doesn't show that it is correct. I'm pretty sure you lack a rigorous proof.

Pi Han Goh - 5 years, 5 months ago

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Yes, I am aware of that. I thought of a calculus proof, but it was too long, and there has to be a better way out.

Aditya Agarwal - 5 years, 5 months ago

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Let me post this on Slack and see what people's thoughts are.

Feel free to post your long calculus solution when you're able to ahah!

Pi Han Goh - 5 years, 5 months ago

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@Pi Han Goh Oh sure, but currently I am busy, I will give you a outline of the proof: Take x to be the angle between the two triangles' closest vertices (corresponding) and express the areas in terms of x and the sides of the triangle, (we know the radius as a fixed constant).

Aditya Agarwal - 5 years, 5 months ago
Otto Bretscher
Jan 7, 2016

We subdivide the hexagon into 12 right triangles of area 1 8 tan ( π / 6 ) \frac{1}{8}\tan(\pi/6) for a total area of 3 2 tan ( π / 6 ) 0.87 \frac{3}{2}\tan(\pi/6)\approx \boxed{0.87}

Don't you have to prove that the the "area over radius squared" is minimized when "we can subdivide the hexagon into 12 right triangles of equal sizes"?

Pi Han Goh - 5 years, 5 months ago

can we determine the value of tan withot calculator???

aishwarya dadhich - 5 years, 4 months ago

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Yeah we can for some special values like 30 ° , 60 ° , 36 ° , 72 ° , 18 ° , 54 ° 30°, 60°, 36°, 72°, 18°, 54° etc.

Anupam Nayak - 5 years, 4 months ago

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