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Find the minimum Force F \displaystyle F required to move M 2 \displaystyle M_2 .

Details and Assumptions:
\bullet M 1 = 3 K g \displaystyle M_1 = 3Kg
\bullet M 2 = 5 K g \displaystyle M_2 = 5Kg
\bullet μ 1 = 0.4 \displaystyle \mu_1 = 0.4
\bullet μ 2 = 0.6 \displaystyle \mu_2 = 0.6
\bullet g = 9.8 m / s 2 \displaystyle g = 9.8m/s^2


The answer is 26.46.

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3 solutions

Discussions for this problem are now closed

Anish Puthuraya
Feb 19, 2014

Let M 1 \displaystyle M_1 be displaced by a small distance x \displaystyle x

Using the Work energy theorem,
F x μ 1 M 1 g x 1 2 K x 2 = Δ K . E . \displaystyle Fx - \mu_1M_1gx - \frac{1}{2}Kx^2 = \Delta K.E.

For the situation that M 2 \displaystyle M_2 just moves,
Δ K . E . = 0 \displaystyle \Delta K.E. = 0

Thus,
F μ 1 M 1 g 1 2 K x = 0 \displaystyle F - \mu_1M_1g - \frac{1}{2}Kx = 0

F = μ 1 M 1 g + 1 2 K x \displaystyle F = \mu_1M_1g+\frac{1}{2}Kx

For M 2 \displaystyle M_2 to move slightly,

μ 2 M 2 g = K x \displaystyle \mu_2M_2g = Kx

Hence,
F = μ 1 M 1 g + 1 2 μ 2 M 2 g \displaystyle F = \mu_1M_1g + \frac{1}{2}\mu_2M_2g

F = ( μ 1 M 1 + μ 2 2 M 2 ) g \displaystyle F = \left(\mu_1M_1+\frac{\mu_2}{2}M_2\right)g

Therefore,
F = ( 0.4 × 3 + 0.3 × 5 ) × 9.8 = 26.46 N \displaystyle F = \left(0.4\times 3 + 0.3\times 5\right)\times 9.8 = \boxed{26.46N}

actually.... have you tried ... using force at some angle....... NOT JUST HORIZONTAL..... FORCE WILL BECOME EVEN LESS......

Ambuj Kumar Pandit - 7 years, 3 months ago

But the thing is that the one who has set this problem has shown the direction force. Otherwise u r absolutely correct..

Ťånåy Nårshånå - 7 years, 1 month ago

Great idea :)

Ťånåy Nårshånå - 7 years, 1 month ago

SOLUTION IS WRONG..IT SHUD BE 41.16

Ashutosh Kumar - 7 years, 3 months ago

I think I know what you did wrong, since I did the same thing. You can't just use Newton's second law with k.x, because it is a variable force. That means, to find F you need to solve the differential equation (next solution), because you need to take into account that a also varies with time and a is the second derivative of position with regard to time.

Tom Van Lier - 7 years, 3 months ago

No, it is correct. This was the objective of the problem...I knew many people were gonna get it wrong..

Anish Puthuraya - 7 years, 3 months ago

Why didn't we use the force equations from the FBDs?

Maharnab Mitra - 7 years, 3 months ago

When M1 reaches the equillibrium position where limiting friction acts on M2, M1 will have some kinetic energy... as F>μ1M1g and due to this K.E , wvwn if we remove force F, M1 will move on it's own dissipating energy in friction and spring potetnial energy.. Hence it is better to use a force such that at the equillibrium position K.E=0

Ťånåy Nårshånå - 7 years, 1 month ago

can you explain me clearly why the change in kinetic energy in M1 is equal zero?

Quang Nguyên Võ Huỳnh - 7 years, 2 months ago

Change in K.E is zero for M2, not for M1...

Maneesh Dev - 7 years, 3 months ago

It is zero for both of them (that's why the word "just moves" is used)

Anish Puthuraya - 7 years, 3 months ago

srry dude it is a constant force and it will create an acceleration for m1 and the spring force will try to decelerate it. but when it reaches the position at which m2 also just starts to move , the velocity of m1 is not zero. the force will be zero on that position of m1 but it will have velocity. please recheck your solution. do it using forces. :)

Akash Omble - 7 years, 3 months ago

Zero for M 1 M_{1} meaning between final and initial states because if it is zero for every elementary displacement then F has to vary accordingly.

Sudeep Salgia - 7 years, 3 months ago

@Sudeep Salgia Yes, and thats why, the change in K.E is zero...thats what I said.

Anish Puthuraya - 7 years, 3 months ago

when u diffrentated 1/2kx2 it shud be kx not 1/2kx.plz check

Ashutosh Kumar - 7 years, 3 months ago

I didn't differentiate, my friend...I just set Δ K . E . \Delta K.E. as zero, and then I cancelled one x x from the equation....
I hope you understand.

Anish Puthuraya - 7 years, 3 months ago

excellent solution

manish bhargao - 6 years, 4 months ago
Fiki Akbar
Mar 3, 2014

Solution without using energy.

let x x be a displacement for M 1 M_{1} . Using Newton 2nd law for M 1 M_{1} we get, a + k M 1 x = F μ 1 M 1 g M 1 a + \frac{k}{M_{1}} x = \frac{F-\mu_{1} M_{1}g}{M_{1}} with initial condition x ( 0 ) = 0 x(0) = 0 and v ( 0 ) = 0 v(0)=0 .

Those are equation for simple harmonic oscillation, then we could write the solution as x ( t ) = F μ 1 M 1 g k ( 1 cos ( ω t ) ) x(t) = \frac{F-\mu_{1}M_{1}g}{k}(1 - \cos(\omega t)) and the velocity, v ( t ) = ω F μ 1 M 1 g k sin ( ω t ) v(t) = \omega \frac{F- \mu_{1} M_{1}g}{k} \sin(\omega t )

For minimum F F , the second mass will move when M 1 M_{1} at maximum compression, i.e. the velocity is zero. It occurs at t = π / ω t = \pi / \omega and the maximum compression is x m = 2 F μ 1 M 1 g k x_{m} = 2 \frac{F - \mu_{1}M_{1}g}{k} .

Since M 2 M_{2} just about to move, then k x m = μ 2 M 2 g kx_{m} = \mu_{2} M_{2}g , or F = 2 μ 1 M 1 g + μ 2 M 2 g 2 F = \frac{2 \mu_{1}M_{1}g + \mu_{2} M_{2} g}{2}

Hence, F = 26.46 N F = 26.46 N .

Yes, well done.

Anish Puthuraya - 7 years, 3 months ago

wat the hell!!!! u r using shm where dissipating forces r working!! XD XD lol. it could have done shm if the floor was smooth

Akash Omble - 7 years, 3 months ago

The resultant force is constant since dissipation forces are not variable with distance or velocity in this case..hence it is justified.

Goutham Muppalla - 7 years, 2 months ago

Can you tell me how to write the equation x(t) from the Newton's Second Law step by step please?

Quang Nguyên Võ Huỳnh - 7 years, 2 months ago
Vivek Sharma
Mar 8, 2014

force greater than U1M1g will start move first block and it would cross mean position and stop at other exreme..spring will be most compressed when this block reaches other extreme. hence second block can move with least force at this moment.. F-U1M1g = Kx, 2kx=U2M2g.. solving it we get F=26.46 N

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