If a , b , c are real numbers in the polynomial P ( Z ) = 2 Z 4 + a Z 3 + b Z 2 + c Z + 3 , and two roots of the equation P ( Z ) = 0 are 2 and i , what is the value of a ?
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I too did it the same way
It is given that P ( z ) = 2 z 4 + a z 3 + b z 2 + c z + 3 and that P ( 2 ) = 0 and P ( i ) = 0
Therefore,
{ P ( 2 ) = 3 2 + 8 a + 4 b + 2 c + 3 = 0 P ( i ) = 2 − a i − b + c i + 3 = 0 . . . ( 1 ) . . . ( 2 )
Equating the real and imaginary parts of Eqn 2, we have:
{ ℜ : 2 − b + 3 = 0 ⇒ b = 5 ℑ : − a + c = 0 ⇒ a = c
Substituting the values in Eqn 1, we get:
P ( 2 ) = 3 2 + 8 a + 4 b + 2 c + 3 = 3 2 + 8 a + 2 0 + 2 a + 3 = 0
⇒ 1 0 a = − 5 5 ⇒ a = − 5 . 5
It is simple to extrapolate the two other roots from the given information. First of all, using the complex conjugate root theorem, we can easily claim that − i is also a root of this polynomial.
Let k be the remaining unknown root.
From Vieta's Formulas,
2 ⋅ i ⋅ − i ⋅ k = 2 3 ⇒ k = 4 3
We now know all the roots: 2 , i , − i , 4 3 .
Again, from Vieta's Formulas, this time the sum of roots,
− 2 a = 2 + 4 3 + i − i ⇒ a = − 2 1 1
Not sure what makes this problem a 250-pointer.
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Yeah, overrated
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Ayush claimed that this was a level 5 problem. As more people solve it, the rating updated, and I think it is much more reasonable now.
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@Calvin Lin – This one is in more twisted form.
If a , b , c are real number then other factor for the polynomial is conjugate binominal of ( x − i ) that is x + i .
So
P ( Z ) = ( N Z + M ) ( Z − 2 ) ( Z − i ) ( Z + I )
P ( Z ) = N Z 4 − ( 2 N + M ) Z 3 + ( 2 M + N ) Z 2 − ( 2 N + M ) Z + 2 M
By the problem redaction
N Z 4 = 2 Z 4 → N = 2
2 M = 3 → M = 1 . 5
Then − ( 2 N + M ) = a a = − ( 2 ( 2 ) + 1 . 5 ) = − 5 . 5
Since it is given that a , b and c are real numbers.And one of the roots is i so another root must be the complex conjugate of i which is − i .Let x be the unknown 4th root.By Vieta's formula's: 2 × i × − i × x = 2 3 2 × 1 × x = 2 3 2 x = 2 3 → x = 4 3 So our polynomial is ( Z − 2 ) ( Z − i ) ( Z + i ) ( Z − 4 3 ) .Expanding and simplifying,we get Z 4 − 4 1 1 Z 3 + 2 5 Z 2 − 4 1 1 Z + 2 3 = 0 .But the required polynomial has the leading coefficient as 2 and the constant term as 3 .So we have to multiply our polynomial by 2 .Upon doing that,we get: 2 Z 4 − 2 1 1 Z 3 + 5 Z 2 − 2 1 1 Z + 3 → a = − 2 1 1 = − 5 . 5
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my solution is more logical than algebric P ( i ) = 0 ⟶ a i + b − c i = 5 note that there is only 1 real part, and the rest are complex, but the sum is real, so the sum of the complex must be zero, for which, a = c a i − c i + b = 5 ⟶ b = 5 P ( 2 ) = 0 ⟶ 3 5 + 8 a + 4 b + 2 c = 0 since a=c and b=5 3 5 + 1 0 a + 2 0 = 0 ⟶ a = − 5 . 5