Real or Complex ???

Algebra Level 4

If a , b , c a,b,c are real numbers in the polynomial P ( Z ) = 2 Z 4 + a Z 3 + b Z 2 + c Z + 3 , P(Z)=2Z^{4} + aZ^{3} + bZ^{2} + cZ + 3, and two roots of the equation P ( Z ) = 0 P(Z)=0 are 2 2 and i , i, what is the value of a ? a?


The answer is -5.5.

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5 solutions

Aareyan Manzoor
Jan 3, 2015

my solution is more logical than algebric P ( i ) = 0 a i + b c i = 5 P(i)=0\longrightarrow ai+b-ci=5 note that there is only 1 real part, and the rest are complex, but the sum is real, so the sum of the complex must be zero, for which, a = c \quad a=c a i c i + b = 5 b = 5 ai-ci+b=5\longrightarrow b=5 P ( 2 ) = 0 35 + 8 a + 4 b + 2 c = 0 P(2)=0\longrightarrow 35+8a+4b+2c=0 since a=c and b=5 35 + 10 a + 20 = 0 a = 5.5 35+10a+20=0\longrightarrow a= \boxed{-5.5}

I too did it the same way

Ayush Garg - 6 years, 3 months ago

It is given that P ( z ) = 2 z 4 + a z 3 + b z 2 + c z + 3 P(z) = 2z^4+az^3+bz^2+cz+3 and that P ( 2 ) = 0 P(2) = 0 and P ( i ) = 0 P(i) = 0

Therefore,

{ P ( 2 ) = 32 + 8 a + 4 b + 2 c + 3 = 0 . . . ( 1 ) P ( i ) = 2 a i b + c i + 3 = 0 . . . ( 2 ) \begin{cases} P(2) = 32+8a+4b+2c+3 = 0 & ...(1) \\ P(i) = 2-ai-b+ci+3 = 0 & ...(2) \end {cases}

Equating the real and imaginary parts of Eqn 2, we have:

{ : 2 b + 3 = 0 b = 5 : a + c = 0 a = c \begin{cases} \Re : 2-b+3 = 0 \quad \Rightarrow b = 5 \\ \Im : -a+c = 0 \quad \Rightarrow a = c \end {cases}

Substituting the values in Eqn 1, we get:

P ( 2 ) = 32 + 8 a + 4 b + 2 c + 3 = 32 + 8 a + 20 + 2 a + 3 = 0 P(2) = 32+8a+4b+2c+3 = 32 +8a + 20 +2a +3 = 0

10 a = 55 a = 5.5 \Rightarrow 10a = -55\quad \Rightarrow a = \boxed{-5.5}

Parth Kohli
Jan 3, 2015

It is simple to extrapolate the two other roots from the given information. First of all, using the complex conjugate root theorem, we can easily claim that i -i is also a root of this polynomial.

Let k k be the remaining unknown root.

From Vieta's Formulas,

2 i i k = 3 2 k = 3 4 2\cdot i \cdot -i \cdot k = \dfrac{3}{2} \ \ \Rightarrow \ \ k = \dfrac{3}{4}

We now know all the roots: 2 , i , i , 3 4 2, \ i, \ -i, \ \dfrac{3}{4} .

Again, from Vieta's Formulas, this time the sum of roots,

a 2 = 2 + 3 4 + i i a = 11 2 -\dfrac{a}{2} = 2 + \dfrac{3}{4} + i - i \ \ \Rightarrow \ \ \boxed{a = -\dfrac{11}{2}}

Not sure what makes this problem a 250-pointer.

Parth Kohli - 6 years, 5 months ago

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Yeah, overrated

Krishna Sharma - 6 years, 5 months ago

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Ayush claimed that this was a level 5 problem. As more people solve it, the rating updated, and I think it is much more reasonable now.

Calvin Lin Staff - 6 years, 5 months ago

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@Calvin Lin This one is in more twisted form.

Krishna Sharma - 6 years, 5 months ago
Paola Ramírez
Jan 3, 2015

If a , b , c a,b,c are real number then other factor for the polynomial is conjugate binominal of ( x i ) (x-i) that is x + i x+i .

So

P ( Z ) = ( N Z + M ) ( Z 2 ) ( Z i ) ( Z + I ) P(Z)=(NZ+M)(Z-2)(Z-i)(Z+I)

P ( Z ) = N Z 4 ( 2 N + M ) Z 3 + ( 2 M + N ) Z 2 ( 2 N + M ) Z + 2 M P(Z)=NZ^4-(2N+M)Z^3+(2M+N)Z^2-(2N+M)Z+2M

By the problem redaction

N Z 4 = 2 Z 4 N = 2 NZ^4=2Z^4 \rightarrow N=2

2 M = 3 M = 1.5 2M=3 \rightarrow M=1.5

Then ( 2 N + M ) = a -(2N+M)=a a = ( 2 ( 2 ) + 1.5 ) = 5.5 a=-(2(2)+1.5)= -5.5

Since it is given that a a , b b and c c are real numbers.And one of the roots is i i so another root must be the complex conjugate of i i which is i -i .Let x x be the unknown 4th root.By Vieta's formula's: 2 × i × i × x = 3 2 2 × 1 × x = 3 2 2 x = 3 2 x = 3 4 2\times i \times -i \times x=\frac{3}{2}\\2\times1\times x=\frac{3}{2}\\2x=\frac{3}{2}\rightarrow x=\frac{3}{4} So our polynomial is ( Z 2 ) ( Z i ) ( Z + i ) ( Z 3 4 ) (Z-2)(Z-i)(Z+i)(Z-\frac{3}{4}) .Expanding and simplifying,we get Z 4 11 4 Z 3 + 5 2 Z 2 11 4 Z + 3 2 = 0 Z^4-\frac{11}{4}Z^3+\frac{5}{2}Z^2-\frac{11}{4}Z+\frac{3}{2}=0 .But the required polynomial has the leading coefficient as 2 2 and the constant term as 3 3 .So we have to multiply our polynomial by 2 2 .Upon doing that,we get: 2 Z 4 11 2 Z 3 + 5 Z 2 11 2 Z + 3 a = 11 2 = 5.5 2Z^4-\frac{11}{2}Z^3+5Z^2-\frac{11}{2}Z+3\rightarrow a=-\frac{11}{2}=\boxed{-5.5}

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