∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ k = 1 ∑ n lo g 1 0 f ( k ) ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ = 1
Let f ( x ) = ( x 2 + 3 x + 2 ) cos ( π x ) . Find the product of all positive integers n satisfying the equation above.
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Almost all the scary looking things turn out simple at one stage! :)
Problem #7 of the 2014 AIME II :)
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No... I haven't :-).... I was just looking at problems of AIME -2k14 on AOPS and found this problem easy and interesting so found it worth sharing... The problem was set up beautifully set up ... :-)
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Nice! AOPS has some challenging problems.
Have you ever taken the AIME?
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Relevant wiki: Logarithmic Functions - Problem Solving - Hard
Hence, T = ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ lo g 1 0 ( 2 ⋅ 3 1 × 3 ⋅ 4 × 4 ⋅ 5 1 × ⋯ ) ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
The last term will be ( ( n + 1 ) ( n + 2 ) ) cos n π in which n + 1 will get cancelled (by noticing the pattern) while the term n + 2 will appear in denominator or numerator will depend on n being odd or even.Hence,
T = ⎩ ⎪ ⎪ ⎨ ⎪ ⎪ ⎧ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ lo g 1 0 ( 2 n + 2 ) ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ lo g 1 0 ( 2 ( n + 2 ) 1 ) ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ if n is even if n is odd
Hence, equation turns to :
1 0 ± 1 = ⎩ ⎪ ⎨ ⎪ ⎧ 2 n + 2 2 ( n + 2 ) 1 if n is even if n is odd
Since n is an integer, in first case we get 2 n + 2 = 1 0 ( n is even) while in second case we get 2 ( n + 2 ) 1 = 1 0 1 ( n is odd). So that we get
n = 1 8 , 3 in the respective cases. Their product is 1 8 × 3 = 5 4 .