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Geometry Level 4

If the normal at one end of the latus rectum of the ellipse x 2 a 2 + y 2 b 2 = 1 \dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}=1 passes through the one end of the minor axis and e e is its eccentricity, then which of the following is true?

e 2 e + 1 = 0 e^2 - e + 1 = 0 e 2 + e + 1 = 0 e^2 + e + 1 = 0 e 4 + e 2 1 = 0 e^4 + e^2 - 1 = 0 e 4 e 2 + 1 = 0 e^4 - e^2 + 1 = 0

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2 solutions

Let B be any point on the ellipse. Then let the point be ( a cos t , b sin t ) (a\cos t,b\sin t) .

Tangent to the ellipse at ( a cos t , b sin t ) (a\cos t,b\sin t) has slope b cos t a sin t -\frac{b\cos t}{a\sin t} .

Then the normal at this point would have slope a sin t b cos t \frac{a\sin t}{b\cos t}

Equation of the normal line:

a sin t b cos t = y b sin t x a cos t \frac{a\sin t}{b\cos t}=\frac{y-b\sin t}{x-a\cos t}

Writing the same thing in intercept form,

x ( ( a 2 b 2 ) cos t a ) + y ( ( a 2 b 2 ) sin t b ) = 1 \frac{x}{\left(\frac{\left(a^2-b^2\right)\cos t}{a}\right)}+\frac{y}{\left(-\frac{\left(a^2-b^2\right)\sin t}{b}\right)}=1

But since this normal line passes through the end of the minor axis, it also intercepts the y-axis at y = b y=-b . Therefore,

( a 2 b 2 ) sin t b = b -\frac{\left(a^2-b^2\right)\sin t}{b}=-b

sin t = ( b 2 a 2 ) ( 1 b 2 a 2 ) = 1 e 2 e 2 \implies \sin t\ =\ \frac{\left(\frac{b^2}{a^2}\right)}{\left(1-\frac{b^2}{a^2}\right)}=\frac{1-e^2}{e^2}

Also, since the normal line cuts the latus rectum at x = a cos t x=a\cos t , and the focus' coordinates are ( a e , 0 ) (ae,0) , a e = a cos t e = cos t ae=a\cos t \implies e=\cos t

Now, eliminating the trigonometric functions:

( 1 e 2 e 2 ) 2 + ( e ) 2 = 1 \left(\frac{1-e^2}{e^2}\right)^2+\left(e\right)^2=1

e 6 2 e 2 + 1 = 0 \implies e^6-2e^2+1=0

Using the rational root theorem, we find that e = 1 , 1 e=1,-1 are the integral roots. So e 2 1 e^2 - 1 is a factor of e 6 2 e 2 + 1 e^6-2e^2+1 . Dividing e 6 2 e 2 + 1 e^6-2e^2+1 by e 2 1 e^2 - 1 , we find out that the other factor is e 4 + e 2 1 e^4 + e^2 - 1 .

So, e 6 2 e 2 + 1 = 0 e^6-2e^2+1=0 can be written as ( e 2 1 ) ( e 4 + e 2 1 ) = 0 (e^2 - 1)(e^4 + e^2 - 1)=0 .

From here, e = 1 e=1 or e = 1 e=-1 . But for an ellipse, e e is a ratio and e < 1 e<1 always for an ellipse. So e = 1 , 1 e=1,-1 are not true.

What remains is e 4 + e 2 1 = 0 e^4 + e^2 - 1=0 , which is true if we check for e e solving this biquadratic, we find one solution which can be the solution to the eccentricity of an ellipse.

So, e 4 + e 2 1 = 0 \boxed{e^4 + e^2 - 1=0} is true.

The options are helping . i chose this option coz the remaining options have non real roots so only one sensible option is there! :)

Prakhar Bindal - 4 years, 2 months ago

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Hahahahaha you got me xD

Arkajyoti Banerjee - 4 years, 2 months ago

Anyway best of luck for your JEE exam :D

Arkajyoti Banerjee - 4 years, 2 months ago

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Well thanks . you preparing for the same?

Prakhar Bindal - 4 years, 2 months ago

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@Prakhar Bindal Welcome :)

I'm preparing for all competitive exams, and obviously JEE is the most important of all. I'll be attempting JEE the next year after I pass my 12th standard.

Arkajyoti Banerjee - 4 years, 2 months ago

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@Arkajyoti Banerjee You are in Class XI going to XII?

Md Zuhair - 4 years, 2 months ago

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@Md Zuhair Yeah. I guess you too, since you were studying hydrocarbons.

Arkajyoti Banerjee - 4 years, 2 months ago

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@Arkajyoti Banerjee No i am in Class X. But i was still reading

Md Zuhair - 4 years, 2 months ago

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@Md Zuhair Class X? Boards dichhis toh tahole. Best of luck bhai, bang the papers!

Arkajyoti Banerjee - 4 years, 2 months ago

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@Arkajyoti Banerjee Ajh e shuru... Chaap lagche

Md Zuhair - 4 years, 2 months ago

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@Md Zuhair Arre bhai chaaper kichu nei. Boards er paper easy e hoy ar tui toh fatiye dibi.

Arkajyoti Banerjee - 4 years, 2 months ago

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@Arkajyoti Banerjee Dekha jak. EKTA HOLO. Seita Science. Thik thak hoyeche

Md Zuhair - 4 years, 2 months ago

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@Md Zuhair Bhaloi jabe.

Amaro first exam science chilo.

Amaro THIK THAK hoyechilo.

Tarpor results e dekhi 10 GP peye gechi xD

Chill maar. :D

Arkajyoti Banerjee - 4 years, 2 months ago

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@Arkajyoti Banerjee Oh, Amar Biology ta Dube che :P . Ami Bio te khub e weak, Tai 81 er upore pawa chaap ache.. Tumi KVPY diyechile?

Md Zuhair - 4 years, 2 months ago

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@Md Zuhair Naa diyni. Biology te amaro dubechilo boss, especially heredity and evolution er question gulo te

Arkajyoti Banerjee - 4 years, 2 months ago

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@Arkajyoti Banerjee Na , Heridity ta bhalo, Tao Budhi diye manage kora jay, Flowering er Reproduction is tough .. Puro MUkhosto

Md Zuhair - 4 years, 2 months ago

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@Md Zuhair XI e ki subject combination nili?

Arkajyoti Banerjee - 4 years, 2 months ago

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@Arkajyoti Banerjee PCM computer sc. And English. Ajj SSC chilo. I screwed it up.. bhalo hoy ni amar asha 55 er opore.. marks ki bare mane checking ki bhalo Korea?

Md Zuhair - 4 years, 2 months ago

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@Md Zuhair SSC amaro faltu gechilo, A2 peyechilam SST te, baki sobe A1.

Neutral checking scheme to be precise. Although there is upgradation of grades.

Arkajyoti Banerjee - 4 years, 2 months ago

Might I suggest the options be made better?

Shourya Pandey - 4 years, 2 months ago

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Are you the one from AOPS?

Prakhar Bindal - 4 years, 2 months ago

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Indeed. Nice to meet you too :P

Shourya Pandey - 4 years, 2 months ago

Since it is an original problem, I didn't want to change the options.

Arkajyoti Banerjee - 4 years, 2 months ago

Good Problem. Onko ta kore moja elo :P

Md Zuhair - 4 years, 3 months ago

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Ha bhai. All credits go to the rational root theorem. :D

Arkajyoti Banerjee - 4 years, 2 months ago

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My approach is kind of using calculus

Md Zuhair - 4 years, 2 months ago

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@Md Zuhair Even I used calculus, but just for finding the slope of the line tangent to the ellipse.

Arkajyoti Banerjee - 4 years, 2 months ago
Md Zuhair
Mar 13, 2017

Studying hydrocarbons? xD

The most dynamic and interesting chemistry chapter of class 11. :D

Arkajyoti Banerjee - 4 years, 2 months ago

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Yes, You got Me . :D

Md Zuhair - 4 years, 2 months ago

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