Shape Of Parabola

Algebra Level 3

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b c < 0 bc<0 b > 0 b>0 b 2 9 c > 0 b^2-9c>0 c < 0 c<0

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25 solutions

Mohit Tripathi
Feb 26, 2014

putting x = 0 then we can see from graph that c is positive, also both roots are positive, then the equation can be written as, (x-d)(x-e) = x^2 - (d+e)x + de where d and e are its roots. on comparing we find that b is negative. therefore bc<0.

Tanya Gupta
Feb 22, 2014

C is positive and b is negative...

can u tell me why b^2 - c > 0 is wrong?? Bcoz i thought that since the parabola cut the x axis twice , therefore its discriminant must be greater than zero. This means b^2 - 4ac > 0. Given that a = 1, this means b^2 - 4c > 0. By common sense (b^2 - 4c) < ( b^2 - c) and hence 0 < (b^2 - 4c) < ( b^2 - c)

Achint Gupta - 7 years, 3 months ago

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Indeed, it is true that b 2 c > 0 b^2 - c > 0 is correct. I've updated the option to become b 2 9 c > 0 b^2 - 9c > 0 instead, after discussing with Kumar.

Calvin Lin Staff - 7 years, 3 months ago

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i think it's not updated properly... if so,then why was not my answer as given b^2-9c>0 be declared as a correct one. rather it's recommended as a "good try!" :/ @ Calvin Lin

Ahmad Rakibul Hasan - 7 years, 2 months ago

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@Ahmad Rakibul Hasan The question asks which must be true. It must be true that b c < 0 bc < 0 , for the reasons stated above.

It need not always be true that b 2 9 c > 0 b^2 - 9c > 0 . For example, take b = 3 b = 3 and c = 0.75 c = 0.75 . The shape will be that of the above graph.

Calvin Lin Staff - 7 years, 2 months ago

the constant term is not c, it is (c-y) because x 2 + b x + c = y x^{2} + bx + c = y which implies x 2 + b x + ( c y ) = 0 x^{2} + bx + (c-y)= 0 Thus discriminant is b 2 4 ( c y ) \sqrt{b^{2} - 4(c-y)} and not b 2 4 c \sqrt{b^{2} - 4c}

Vaibhav Agarwal - 7 years, 3 months ago

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I think you misunderstand the picture, the picture shows a quadratic function y = x 2 + b x + c y=x^{2}+bx+c , y is a function of x, and it is not a constant.

Kho Yen Hong - 7 years, 3 months ago

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@Kho Yen Hong oh sorry..and thank you

Vaibhav Agarwal - 7 years, 3 months ago

c could be a negative number, in which case -4c > -c.

Sed Holaysan - 7 years, 3 months ago

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C already Positive !! because when x = 0 then { y = c } > 0

how could " C " be a negative number ?!!

Peter Adel - 7 years, 3 months ago

C cannot be negative ... 2 positive roots implies 2 sign changes ... as 'a' = +1, b must be negative and c must be positive ...

I also thought about it, and took a shot between the two correct options.

But, this is getting really irritating :(

Soumya Chakraborty - 7 years, 3 months ago

if c is negative (say c= - k), then the equation will become b^2 - c= b^2 - ( -k) = b^2+k>0, since b^2 is always >0 therefore I vote for b^2 - c > 0

Kho Yen Hong - 7 years, 3 months ago

Like 20 > 5 -20 > -5 ?

Ralph Anthony Espos - 7 years, 3 months ago

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@Ralph Anthony Espos of course i know that ,, i'm talking about this quadrartic function " as shown above " y = x 2 + b x + c y = x^2 + bx + c in this case C is positive and can NOT be negative , I wanted to say that what Achint Gubta said is correct , specially that b 2 c > b 2 4 c > 0 b^{2} - c > b^{2} - 4c > 0 that's in case C is positive ,, and " C is already Positive "
that's it ..

Peter Adel - 7 years, 3 months ago

I agree. b^2 - c > b^2 - 4c > 0 or else the parabola would not cross the x-axis twice!

Donna Young - 7 years, 3 months ago

I did the exact same thing, and didn't check the other answers, it's my bad, or i should have made a clarification request/ but this is getting ridiculous here....

Benjamin Wong - 7 years, 3 months ago

I am sorry for not having explained my answer.. 1. Putting x=0, i.e the y-intercept comes out to be c...which as seen through the graph..is positive.. 2.Then I used the fact that the vertex of a parabola has x-co-ordinate to be= -b/2a if in the form of ax2+bx+c... 3.In the given question...a=1,b=-b,c=c..(on comparing with the standard quadratic equation) 4.Now ..the vertex has x-coordinate>0 (thru graph) 5.Putting -b>0......we get ANS: c is positive and b is negative

PS: I don't know how to use LaTeX...hence such a shoddy explanation....If someone wishes to...they can post my solution using LaTeX...

Tanya Gupta - 7 years, 2 months ago

If we take the derivative d y / d x = 2 x + b { dy }/{ dx } = 2x+b . Then when x=0, d y / d x { dy }/{ dx } must be negative (we can see negative slope there). So, b is negative. We also know that when x=0, y>0, then c >0. :) :)

Isaac Lu
Mar 3, 2014

The y-intercept in the equation y = ax^2 + bx + c is "c". (Just set the value of x equal to zero and solve for "y".)

And in the graph, c is in the positive y-axis. Therefore, "c" is positive. Or that "c > 0".

Find the vertex of the parabola. Transform the equation in standard form: y = a(x-h)^2 + k where the vertex is at point (h, k).

y = x^2 + bx + c
y = (x^2 + bx) + c
y = [x^2 + bx + (b^2/4)] + c - (b^2/4)
y = [x + (b/2)]^2 + c - (b^2/4)


y = [x - (-b/2)]^2 + (4c-b^2)/4

The vertex is at (-b/2, (4c-b^2)/4).

Observe that the vertex in the graph is located at the fourth quadrant. That makes the x-coordinate a positive and the y-coordinate a negative.

So, "-b/2" must be positive. And it's true if "b is negative". Or we write "b < 0".

Together, b<0 and c>0, we know for sure that "bc" will always be less than zero. That is "bc < 0".

Akash Shah
Apr 22, 2014

Roots are positive hence their sum and product must be positive. So using vieta's, we have -b>0 hence b<0 and c>0 hence bc<0.

Shashwata Pal
Mar 24, 2014

put x=0,then y=c and from the graph y>0 so c>0. now look at the roots of the equation,both are positive, so sum of roots>0 so -b/a>0 now parabola opens upwards so a>0 hence,b<0 and c>0 so bc<0

Jayant Kumar
Mar 21, 2014

Someone has very intelligently put the 4th option [b^2 - 9c > 0], now that implies D > 5c, notice people, that D is not just the discriminant but in this case it is also the square of the distance between the roots, If we look closely, sqrt(D) = distance between the roots which is atleast approx. 3 times the height of the parabola at the origin. Root(D) > 3c, then D > 9c, definitely D>5c, that is b^2 - 4c >5c, or that b^2 - 9c>0 I thought it was very beautiful, but when I realized option c is true aswell, I was disappointed. 4th option with respect to the figure is absolutely true, but too bad the question wasnt "this-brilliant" :P

Ramesh Chandra
Mar 18, 2014

f(0) = c >0 and sum of roots = +ve => -b > 0 => b<0 so bc<0

Shanuj Garg
Mar 11, 2014

for a positive value of x , y is going to be zero assume the value or the root is p(+ive) then p^2+b x p + c=0 only one condition satisfies that b and c should be of different signs. i.e. bc<0

Since from the graph we can observe that the quad. has 2 positive real solutions => the sum of roots is +ive , product of roots is also +ive => b<0 : c>0 => bc <0.

Naimish Khara
Mar 4, 2014

when we put x=0 then y is positive(from figure so c>0 and for some values of x y is negative as c is positive and x^2 is also positive so b must be negative so answer is bc<0

Jackie Nguyen
Mar 2, 2014

Since the parabolla cut Ox in 2 positive x value, the equation f(x) = 0 has 2 positive roots.

Therefore, S > 0 and P> 0 => b<0 and c > 0 => bc<0

Minh Vu
Mar 1, 2014

x1 > 0 and x2 > 0 b = -(x1+x2) so b < 0 c = x1 * x2 so c >0 therefore bc < 0

Ashish Kumar
Mar 1, 2014

if we will put x=0, in function y, then it is clear that y=c>0.....that means c is positive.. and by equating dy/dx=0,we get the value of x= -b/2(value of x at which y is minimum).....which is greater than zero from graph so -b/2>0 => b<0 ... b is negative.. ANSWER= bc<0.

Abhishek Mishra
Feb 28, 2014

at x=0 we can see that graph is positive=> c>0, similarly derivative is zero at x=-b/2, which from graph turn out to be positive so b might be negative. Hence bc should be less than 0.

Lucas Tell Marchi
Feb 28, 2014

Well, obviously f ( x ) = ( α x β ) 2 γ = ( α x ) 2 2 α β x + β 2 γ = a x 2 + b x + c f(x) = (\alpha x - \beta)^{2} - \gamma = (\alpha x)^{2} - 2 \alpha \beta x + \beta^{2} - \gamma = ax^{2} + bx + c with α 0 \alpha \geq 0 , β 0 \beta \geq 0 and γ 0 \gamma \geq 0 . Then a = α 2 0 a = \alpha^{2} \geq 0 , b = 2 α β 0 b = -2\alpha \beta \leq 0 and c = β 2 + γ 0 c = \beta^{2} + \gamma \geq 0 . Then notice that

b c = 2 α β 3 2 α β γ = 2 α β ( β 2 + γ ) 0 bc = -2 \alpha \beta^{3} - 2 \alpha \beta \gamma = -2 \alpha \beta (\beta^{2} + \gamma) \leq 0

Pranav Manangath
Feb 28, 2014

First note that x^2+bx+c=0 has two distinct solutions. Which implies b^2-4c>=0. two solutions are x= -(b/2)+/- Sqrt(b^2-4c)/2. And the minima of the graph is at -b/2. But its obvious that minima happens at positive x. So b<0. Now the solution -(b/2)-Sqrt(b^2-4c)>0. This straight away gives us c>0. together bc<0.

Navin Manaswi
Feb 28, 2014

Since both roots are positive hence sum of roots (that is c) and product of roots(that is '-b') are positive. Hence c is positive and b is negative hence b*c is negative

Prajjwal Sihag
Feb 28, 2014

since both the root of the equation are positive therefore, sum of roots must be positive thus -b>0 therefore,b<0 product of roots positive thus c>0 therefore bc<0

Aman Chandna
Feb 28, 2014

1)sum of roots = -b/a which is definitely positive as both roots are positive, 2)product of roots=c/a which is again positive as both roots are positive 3)as its open upwards parabola thus a is also positive so c is also positive by statement 2 and b is negative by statement 1. thus bc<0

Sriram Chandra
Feb 27, 2014

Clear from the graph are the entities: c >0 , b<0 hence the answer.

it's a equation of a parabola whose vertex at (-b/2,c),and here in the picture the vertex of the parabola situated on the 4th quadrant where the co-ordinate of the points are of the form(+,-).So it is very clear that b<0 and c>0,i.e. b*c<0

Felipe Magalhães
Feb 27, 2014

When x is 0, we will have Y as the value of c. 0^2 + b*0 + c = c

So as the graph shows, c > 0

The critic point ( the point of minimum value of y) is given by -b/2a at the x axis in every quadratic function. We know by the graph that it happens when x > 0. So...

-b/2a > 0 ( a = 1)

-b > 0

b < 0

So b is negative and c positive. So bc is negative ( < 0)

:)

From the fact that the parabola crosses only at the positive x-axis, the roots are positive numbers, m m and n n which make the factored form of the equation of the parabola y = ( x m ) ( x n ) y = (x - m)(x - n) which leads to y = x 2 ( m + n ) x + m n y = x^2 - (m + n)x + mn .

b b is a negative number (from ( m + n ) x = b x ( m + n ) = b -(m + n)x = bx \Rightarrow -(m + n) = b ) and c c is a positive number (from m n = c mn = c ) and thus the product b c bc is a negative number.

Devvrit Khatri
Feb 27, 2014

the lowest point is at y= -D/4a.. Here, a=1, and -D = 4c-b^2, so this needs to be less than 0, this means that b^2-4c needs to be greater than 0, but we have b^2-9c, about which we can't say anything.. So, its bc less than 0, as c comes out to be more than 0, and b to be less than 0..

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