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Algebra Level 4

n = 1 100 ( x + n ) \large \displaystyle \prod_{n=1}^{100} (x+n)

Find the coefficient of x 98 x^{98} in the above product.


The answer is 12582075.

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2 solutions

Rishabh Jain
Feb 27, 2016

Since I'm lacking time I'll straightaway copy m y my solution from here

Given is a product of 100 factors out of which we have to select 98 x's and 2 constants to get x 98 x^{98} i.e 1 ( 2 + 3.. + 100 ) + 2 ( 1 + 3 + 4... + 100 ) + . . + 100 ( 1 + 2 + . . + 99 ) 1(2+3..+100)+2(1+3+4...+100)+..+100(1+2+..+99) = i = 1 n i ( r = 1 i ( r ) i ) =\displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^n i(\small{\displaystyle \sum_{r=1}^i (r)}-i) = i = 1 n i ( i ( i 1 ) ) 2 = 1 2 i = 1 n ( i 3 i 2 ) =\displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^n i\dfrac{(i(i-1))}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^n (i^3-i^2) ( U s i n g i = 1 n i = ( n ) ( n + 1 ) 2 , i = 1 n i 2 = n ( n + 1 ) ( 2 n + 1 ) 6 a n d i = 1 n i 3 = n 2 ( n + 1 ) 2 4 ) \small( {\color{#20A900}{Using~\displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^n i=\dfrac{(n)(n+1)}{2}\\~,~\displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^n i^2=\dfrac{n(n+1)(2n+1)}{6}~and~\displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^n i^3=\dfrac{n^2(n+1)^2}{4}})} = n ( n + 1 ) ( n 1 ) ( 3 n + 2 ) 24 =\dfrac{n(n+1)(n-1)(3n+2)}{24} Putting n=100, we get the desired result i.e 12582075 \Large 12582075

Akshat Sharda
Feb 26, 2016

Let P ( x ) = n = 1 100 ( x + n ) P(x)=\displaystyle \sum^{100}_{n=1}(x+n) and P n = x n P_{n}=\sum x^n .

So, clearly P 1 = 100 × 101 2 = 5050 P_{1}=-\frac{100\times 101}{2}=-5050 and P 2 = 100 × 101 × 201 6 = 338350 P_2=\frac{100 \times 101 \times 201}{6}=338350 .

P ( x ) = x 100 + 5050 x 99 + m x 98 + \therefore P(x)=x^{100}+5050x^{99}+mx^{98}+\ldots

Now, by Newton's Sums,

P 2 + 5050 P 1 + 2 m = 0 2 m = 505 0 2 338350 = 25164150 m = 12582075 P_2+5050P_1+2m=0 \\ 2m=5050^2-338350=25164150 \\ \Rightarrow m=\boxed{12582075}

Exactly....good approach

Mohit Gupta - 5 years, 3 months ago

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Thank you ! How is the SA2 preparation going ?

Akshat Sharda - 5 years, 3 months ago

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Oh no!!!!!my sa2 preparations are just a headache for me. Its really pathetic but i am not able to concentrate on school studies even for 1 or 2 hour.....each day i think i will complete any particular subject but till 11 or 12 o clock i start langering on maths or physics.....i think i will destroy my finals.....

Btw how are your prep. going on??

Mohit Gupta - 5 years, 3 months ago

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@Mohit Gupta The same is going with me also ! I love to do problems on Brilliant and just end up with Maths even if I start Hindi or social science.

Akshat Sharda - 5 years, 3 months ago

I don't know why I was being so absent minded, I forgot to divide by 2.

A Former Brilliant Member - 5 years, 3 months ago

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