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For how many positive integral values of n n does n ! n! end with precisely 23 trailing zeros ?

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4 solutions

Akshat Sharda
Dec 31, 2015

Let n ! n! be one of the number having 23 23 trailing zeroes.

So an approximation for trailing zeroes in n ! n! ,

23 = n 5 1 + n 5 2 + n 5 3 + 23 = n 5 1 1 5 23 = n 4 92 = n \begin{aligned} 23 & = \left \lfloor \frac{n}{5^1} \right \rfloor + \left \lfloor \frac{n}{5^2} \right \rfloor + \left \lfloor \frac{n}{5^3} \right \rfloor + \ldots \\ 23 & = \frac{\frac{n}{5}}{1-\frac{1}{5}} \\ 23 & = \frac{n}{4} \\ 92 & = n \end{aligned}

Now, we can see that 92 ! 92! has 21 21 trailing zeroes.

So 95 ! 95! would have 22 22 trailing zeroes.

Then 100 ! 100! would have 24 24 trailing zeroes.

For any number n 100 n≥100 , n ! n! would have trailing zeroes 24 ≥24 .

Therefore, the number n ! n! having 23 23 trailing zeroes should be 95 < n < 100 95<n<100 .

But no such number really exist.

n ! \therefore n! can never end in 23 23 trailing zeroes.

I don't get you. You say 95! has 22 trailing zeroes , then 100! has 24 .Why 100! should have 24 ?

Raven Herd - 5 years, 5 months ago

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For calculating number of trailing zeroes in 100 ! 100! we use the formula as,

= 100 5 1 + 100 5 2 = 20 + 4 = 24 \begin{aligned} & = \left \lfloor \frac{100}{5^1} \right \rfloor + \left \lfloor \frac{100}{5^2} \right \rfloor \\ & = 20+4=24\end{aligned}

Akshat Sharda - 5 years, 5 months ago

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So , you are telling me that this formula is a good approximation ( since according to the formula 92 ! must have 23 trailing zeroes ) .

Raven Herd - 5 years, 5 months ago

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@Raven Herd Can you tell me how 92! has 23 trailing zeroes ?

Akshat Sharda - 5 years, 5 months ago

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@Akshat Sharda OK .I got it .Too slow to understand :)

Raven Herd - 5 years, 5 months ago

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@Raven Herd I like the song too :P

Shreyash Rai - 5 years, 5 months ago

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@Shreyash Rai The script?

Department 8 - 5 years, 5 months ago

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@Department 8 yeah. obviously bro

Shreyash Rai - 5 years, 5 months ago

I don't get the second part of how you factored out the "n over 5 plus n over 5 squared and n over 5 cube" ..... part

Fatima Soni - 4 years, 7 months ago

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Geometrical progression

Paramananda Das - 2 years, 7 months ago

That is what we call geometric series, here r=1/5 and a=n/5, and the formula is a/(1-r)=(n/5)/(1-1/5)

Minh Lưu - 1 year, 12 months ago

23=(n/4) is not right I guess. Shouldn't it be (n/4)>=23. The inequality appears because you ignored the floor function in your calculations.

Sathvik Acharya - 4 years ago

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You are right but he knew this

Paramananda Das - 2 years, 7 months ago
Ramiel To-ong
Jan 11, 2016

nice problem

nice problem one confused lol

SRIJAN Singh - 10 months ago

Now 2 confused.. Lol 😂😂

Nitesh Garwa - 8 months, 2 weeks ago

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LOL(3 confused )btw would you like to help me in this

SRIJAN Singh - 8 months, 2 weeks ago
Sahar Bano
Mar 16, 2020

95! Has 22 trailing zero while 100! have 24 trivial zero:

So if there is any number n then 95<n<100:

If you want you can try each case or you can simply assert that there must not be any number n because there is no multiple of 5 in between 95 and 100

Adam Madni
Oct 16, 2019

We know that 5! has 1 trailing zero because it is the first integer factorial with a 5 x 2 within it. As we increase out number 5 to 10! then 15! then 20! we notice it increases by one. (10! = 2, 15! = 3, 20! = 4) but when we hit 25! it is equal to 6 because 25 is a integer power of 5 so it increases by another 2. Using this logic one can conclude that 100! must have 24 trailing zeros because 100 = 25 *4 so we multiply 25! trailing zeros by 4. Notice that this only works because 100 is less than 125 which is important because 125 is 5 cubed means it would have 31 trailing zeros instead of 30. Now with the knowledge that 100! is 24 we would like to know how many trailing zeros 95! has. We can conclude that since 100 is multiple of 25 we must subtract two from 100! trailing zeros to get the trailing zero's of 95!. This brings us back to the whole idea of how 25! has 6 trailing zeros and 20! has 4 because 25 is an integer power of 5 multiplied by another integer. Using this we now have that 100! has 24 trailing zeros and 95! has 22, this means that no integer factorial has 23 trailing zeros since 96, 97, 98, or 99 factorial wouldn't add another zero because they are not multiples of 5.

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