Power = Weak?

Algebra Level 4

( a b + b a + b c + c b + a c + c a + 3 ) ( 3 ( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 ) ) ( a 3 + b 3 + c 3 ) \left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{b}+\dfrac{a}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}+3\right)\left(3^{(a^2+b^2+c^2)}\right)^{(a^3+b^3+c^3)}

For the above expression, let a , b , c a,b,c be the roots of the equation x 3 6 x 2 + 18 x 36 = 0 x^3-6x^2+18x-36=0 . What is the value of the said expression above?


The answer is 3.

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3 solutions

Nihar Mahajan
Mar 13, 2015

a b + b a + b c + c b + a c + c a + 3 \dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{b}+\dfrac{a}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}+3

= 1 + a b + a c + b a + 1 + b c + c a + c b + 1 = 1+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{a}{c}+\dfrac{b}{a}+1+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{c}{b}+1

= a ( 1 a + 1 b + 1 c ) + b ( 1 a + 1 b + 1 c ) + c ( 1 a + 1 b + 1 c ) =a\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)+b\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)+c\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)

= ( a + b + c ) ( 1 a + 1 b + 1 c ) =(a+b+c)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)

= ( a + b + c ) ( a b + b c + a c a b c ) =(a+b+c)\left(\dfrac{ab+bc+ac}{abc}\right)

By Veita's relation, substituting the values,

= ( 6 ) ( 18 36 ) = 3 =(6)\left(\dfrac{18}{36}\right) = 3

We also have a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = ( a + b + c ) 2 2 ( a b + b c + a c ) = 6 2 2 ( 18 ) = 0 a^2+b^2+c^2 = (a+b+c)^2 -2(ab+bc+ac) = 6^2-2(18)= 0

We also have,

a 3 + b 3 + c 3 = ( a + b + c ) 3 3 ( a + b + c ) ( a b + b c + a c ) + 3 a b c = 6 3 3 ( 6 ) ( 18 ) + 3 ( 36 ) = 0 a^3+b^3+c^3=(a+b+c)^3-3(a+b+c)(ab+bc+ac)+3abc \\= 6^3-3(6)(18)+3(36)=0

Thus the given expression = 3 ( 3 ( 0 ) ( 0 ) ) = 3 1 = 3 = \large 3(3^{(0)(0)})=3^1=\huge\boxed{\color{#D61F06}{3}}

Quite "complex" at a glance, but so simple once you try to solve; 3 × 3 0 × 0 = 3. 3\times 3^{0\times 0} = 3. Very interesting problem.

Caleb Townsend - 6 years, 3 months ago

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OK!! Thanks! I edited it in a different manner. Whenever I create a problem , I always have a flaw. So I request you that whenever I post a problem, please see if there is a flaw. Thanks!

Nihar Mahajan - 6 years, 3 months ago

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Haha ok, will do... As long as I am skilled enough to solve the problem and sane enough to know what I'm talking about!

Caleb Townsend - 6 years, 3 months ago

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@Caleb Townsend If possible , Please Like and Reshare this. Thanks a lot!

Nihar Mahajan - 6 years, 3 months ago

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@Nihar Mahajan from where do u get such exciting questions?

divyansh tripathi - 6 years, 3 months ago

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@Divyansh Tripathi I created them! :D

Nihar Mahajan - 6 years, 3 months ago

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@Nihar Mahajan no u don't. i have solved this ques earlier when my sir gave it.

divyansh tripathi - 6 years, 3 months ago

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@Divyansh Tripathi The exactly same one? You are lying , I have created it. First I had an error with it. Then @Caleb Townsend corrected me and I fixed it. Almost every problem that I create , I have an error which mostly caleb spots. By the way , from where your sir get this 'exactly same' problem for you?

Nihar Mahajan - 6 years, 3 months ago

@Divyansh Tripathi Daily , I tend to create at least 1 problem and post it here.

Nihar Mahajan - 6 years, 3 months ago

Regarding the first line of your comment, how is ( 3 0 ) 0 = 3 (3^0)^0=3 ?

Prasun Biswas - 6 years, 3 months ago

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It was a typo; originally the solution was 3 0 0 , 3^{0^0}, so I attempted to correct this with the placement of delimiters, hence the error. It is now fixed.

Caleb Townsend - 6 years, 3 months ago

Great problem! I am a bit confused though, can you say that a polynomial has 3 roots and set them to 0, if it has no roots?

Adam Pet - 6 years, 3 months ago

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I don't understand your problem properly. If you're asking whether we can guarantee the existence of the roots, then yes, we can! Every single variable degree n n polynomial having complex coefficients for the polynomial terms has n n complex roots (counted with multiplicity of roots). That is the fundamental theorem of Algebra!

Prasun Biswas - 6 years, 3 months ago

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Sure. Was about to ask how the squares can equal 0 if they are not 0... then I started to think. Thank you for explaining!

Adam Pet - 6 years, 3 months ago

Nihar, please do not add the "\huge" to your latex as yet, because it disrupts how we display it on the home page. In 2 days, when your problem is no longer on the home page, you can add it back it. Thanks!

Calvin Lin Staff - 6 years, 3 months ago

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Ok Sir!! Thanks!

Nihar Mahajan - 6 years, 3 months ago
Peter Macgregor
Mar 14, 2015

Use Newton's identities for working out the sums of powers of a polynomial equation to find

a + b + c = 6 = 6 ( 1 ) a+b+c=--6=6\dots(1)

a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = 6 × 6 2 × 18 = 0 ( 2 ) a^2+b^2+c^2=--6\times 6-2\times 18=0\dots(2)

a 3 + b 3 + c 3 = 6 × 0 18 × 6 3 × 36 = 0 ( 3 ) a^3+b^3+c^3=--6\times 0-18\times 6-3\times -36=0\dots(3)

Since both exponents are now seen to be zero, the expression simplifies to

a 2 c + b 2 + c + b 2 a + c 2 a + a 2 b + c 2 b a b c + 3 \dfrac{a^2c+b^2+c+b^2a+c^2a+a^2b+c^2b}{abc}+3

= a 2 ( c + b ) + b 2 ( a + c ) + c 2 ( a + b ) a b c + 3 =\dfrac{a^2(c+b)+b^2(a+c)+c^2(a+b)}{abc}+3

Using (1) this becomes

= a 2 ( 6 a ) + b 2 ( 6 b ) + c 2 ( 6 c ) a b c + 3 =\dfrac{a^2(6-a)+b^2(6-b)+c^2(6-c)}{abc}+3

= 6 ( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 ) ( a 3 + b 3 + c 3 ) a b c + 3 =\dfrac{6(a^2+b^2+c^2)-(a^3+b^3+c^3)}{abc}+3

Using (2) and (3) again the expression simplifies to 3 \boxed{3}

Stewart Gordon
Jul 5, 2015

The factorisation of the equation is ( x a ) ( x b ) ( x c ) = 0. (x - a)(x - b)(x - c) = 0. From this, we deduce that a + b + c = 6 a b + b c + c a = 18 a b c = 36 a + b + c = 6 \\ ab + bc + ca = 18 \\ abc = 36 from which we derive ( a + b + c ) 2 = 36 a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + 2 ( a b + b c + c a ) = 36 a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + 36 = 36 a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = 0 3 a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = 1 ( 3 a 2 + b 2 + c 2 ) a 3 + b 3 + c 3 = 1. (a + b + c)^2 = 36 \\ \Rightarrow a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + 2(ab + bc + ca) = 36 \\ \Rightarrow a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + 36 = 36 \\ \Rightarrow a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = 0 \\ \Rightarrow 3^{a^2 + b^2 + c^2} = 1 \\ \Rightarrow (3^{a^2 + b^2 + c^2}) ^{a^3 + b^3 + c^3} = 1. This reduces the problem to evaluating a b + b a + b c + c b + a c + c a + 3 = a 2 c + b 2 c + a b 2 + a c 2 + a 2 b + b c 2 + 3 a b c a b c = ( a + b + c ) ( a c + b c + c a ) a b c = 6 × 18 36 = 3 . \frac{a}{b} + \frac{b}{a} + \frac{b}{c} + \frac{c}{b} + \frac{a}{c} + \frac{c}{a} + 3 \\ \\ = \frac{a^2c + b^2c + ab^2 + ac^2 + a^2b + bc^2 + 3abc}{abc} \\ \\ = \frac{(a + b + c)(ac + bc + ca)}{abc} \\ \\ = \frac{6 \times 18}{36} \\ \\ = \boxed{3}.

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