The Earth Is To A Soccer Ball, As The Moon Is To What?

Algebra Level 1

Beckham wants to build a model of the Solar system. If he decided that the earth would be represented by a regulation sized soccer ball (roughly spherical and approximately 11 cm radius), which of the following would be the best representation of the moon?

Note: the actual radius of the earth and moon are approximately 6368 km and 1738 km, respectively.

Soft ball ( r 4.5 r \approx 4.5 cm ) Small marble ( r 1 r \approx 1 cm ) Tennis ball ( r 3 r \approx 3 cm ) Ping pong ball ( r 2 r \approx 2 cm )

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28 solutions

Let x be the size of the ball.

11 6368 = x 1738 \frac{11}{6368} = \frac{x}{1738}

Use MPE to transfer 1738 to the other side and multiply it to 11. Divide it by 6368. You get a product of 3.00..... That is why it is a tennis ball.

great solution

Jai Jain - 5 years, 11 months ago

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Thanks, that really helped

George Parauda - 5 years, 6 months ago

I am off to a bad start here. I did not read the line that states the approximate radius. I'll get there. It's been a while since I have done this.

Joe Tully - 5 years ago
Prasun Biswas
Mar 13, 2014

This problem is a problem of ratio and proportions. Let the ratio of radii of moon to radii of Earth be R M E R_{ME}

Then, we have -----> R M E = Radii of Moon Radii of Earth = 1738 km 6368 km 0.27 R_{ME}=\frac{\text{Radii of Moon}}{\text{Radii of Earth}}=\frac{1738\text{ km }}{6368 \text{ km }}\approx \boxed{0.27}

Now, for the best representation, this ratio must be maintained closely. So-----

Let the new radii of Earth (as football) be R e R_e and new radii of moon be R m R_m . So-----

R m R e = R M E R m 11 cm = 0.27 R m = 2.97 cm \frac{R_m}{R_e}=R_{ME} \implies \frac{R_m}{11\text{ cm}}=0.27 \implies R_m=\boxed{2.97\text{ cm}}

The best representation model for the moon with respect to the Earth model (football) should be the one having a radii close to 2.97 cm and we can see that Tennis ball ( r 3 cm ) (r\approx 3 \text{ cm }) is the best representation for the Moon.

So, the answer should be Tennis ball ( r 3 cm ) (r\approx 3 \text{ cm })

no need for so much calculation if we know that moon is 1/4 of earth"s size

akshay shikhare - 7 years, 2 months ago

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That information is not given in the question so we should not use it. Moreover, the size of the moon is not exactly 1 4 \frac{1}{4} th of the Earth's size. It is an approximation.

So, it is better to proceed with the given data and solve it accordingly. :)

Prasun Biswas - 7 years, 2 months ago

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Spot on! As a mathematics teacher, we must use our knowledge combined with the given set of information and be sure to comprehend the unknown part lacking in the provided data yet asked for within the question.

You are also well stated in that the ratio of the moon:earth is at best approximately 1:4 (1\4).

As for the use of proportional math to solve, that is what I use with middle school students and the ratio proportional math is used with my AP math students as well as my upper high school students.

Michelle Marie Channon - 5 years, 6 months ago

the ratio of radii of earth and moon is not 11cm ! plz correct me

sehrish gallant - 7 years, 1 month ago

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@Sehrish Gallant Read the question carefully !! It is said that if a model of radii 11 cm 11\text{ cm } is used to represent Earth, then what radii should be of the model used to represent Moon. The models are used to make a demonstration.

Prasun Biswas - 7 years, 1 month ago

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@Prasun Biswas ohhhh thanx actually I read questions in a hurry and make stupendious mistakes !! I want to be like you!

sehrish gallant - 7 years, 1 month ago

i don't understand any thing... plz help me...

Abeeha Abbasi - 7 years, 3 months ago

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dude., given radius of earth is 6368 km and moon is 1738 km i.e. the radius of earth is 3.66 times as that of moon [ 6368/1738=3.66]. So when earth is equated to a soccer ball of radius 11 cm, the radius of moon would be 1/3.66 times of 11cm [since radius of earth is 3.66 times as that of moon] which is equal to 3 cm.

Anishchandran C - 7 years, 2 months ago

The problem is a simple one solved using ratio and proportions. Since, both moon and Earth are spheres and there volume is given by the formula 4 3 π r 3 \frac{4}{3}\pi r^3 where only r r , i.e., radii of Earth and moon would be variable, so I take the ratio of radii of moon to radii of Earth as R M E R_{ME} . Now, when they (Earth and moon) are represented as models, so as to represent them the best way, we must maintain this original ratio of radii for the models (the ratio being R M E R_{ME} ).

Given that Earth represented by football of radii 11 11 cm. and let radii of model which represents moon be R m R_m . Then, the new ratio of their radii should be maintained equal to the original ratio. So---

R m 11 cm = R M E = 0.27 \frac{R_m}{11\text{ cm}}=R_{ME}=0.27

R m = 11 × 0.27 R m 3 cm \implies R_{m}=11\times 0.27 \implies R_m \approx 3\text{ cm}

So, the radii of the model which represents moon should be equal to R m R_m and this is satisfied only by the tennis ball as all others are either too big or too small. So, Tennis ball is the required model for representing moon in the demonstration.

Prasun Biswas - 7 years, 3 months ago

its a simple

Javaid Malik - 7 years, 3 months ago

Moon is 1/4 the radius of earth.

Shivam Gulati - 7 years, 2 months ago

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Why you all post the same nonsense comments all the time when I already answered to this in a previous comment !! Since, it is not said in the question that Moon's radii is 1 4 \frac{1}{4} th the radii of Earth, so it is better to proceed with the given data....after all, this is a maths question, not a physics problem.... -_-

Prasun Biswas - 7 years, 2 months ago

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☺ excellent response!

Michelle Marie Channon - 5 years, 6 months ago

Geographically comparing, Earth has a diameter of about 12,700kms. On the other hand, Moon, rather, Earth's Moon has a diameter of 3,400kms. So, it comes to 1/4th. But, the above calculation justifies it too.

Mahendra Sherkhane - 7 years ago

Yeah well no

Kelly Addison - 4 years, 10 months ago

no need of such a long solution.

Rajat Chittoriya - 7 years, 2 months ago

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Not everybody has the same opinion!! There are people who need to understand the problem before jumping into the solution...since you understood the problem, so it seems to you that this is a long and unnecessary solution but those who can't understand the problem need a solution which they can easily understand !! That is the reason why I elaborately explain all my solutions !!

Prasun Biswas - 7 years, 2 months ago

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Yes u r correct. I agree wid u

TASSO TADI - 7 years, 2 months ago

Yes. There is very justifiable reasoning for such a thorough explanation. It would be for upper level students to deepen critical thinking and analytical computation.

Michelle Marie Channon - 5 years, 6 months ago
Jobelle Aguidan
Mar 15, 2014

1738:6368=x:11.. it can be solve through that formula..the ratio and proportion

Re/Rm = 6368/1738 = 3.6639 Rb/Rtb= 11 / 3 = 3.666666

felipe santiago - 4 years, 11 months ago

Let radius of ball representing moon be x Ratio of radii of moon and earth = ratio of radii of both balls radius of moon/radius of earth = x/11 x = 11 x radius of moon/radius of earth x = 11 x 1738/6368=11 x 869/3184=9559/3184=3.002................................... Therefore radius of ball representing moon is approx 3 cm and it is tennis ball.

Matthew Kelly
Jun 8, 2016
  • 1738/6368 = X/11
  • 1738/6368*11= X
  • 1738/6368*11 = 3.00219849246
Ethan Tran
May 15, 2021

I guessed ... I dunno this :(

6368 / 11 = 578.9 1738 / 578.9 = 2.99

Which rounds up to 3.

Anvita M
Dec 16, 2016

SF is the scale factor. (1738)SF=6368 We then divide 6368 by 1738 to find the SF to be around 3.66. n will be the radius of the object representing the moon. (n)SF=11. n=11/3.66. This equals 3 so the object should have a radius of around 3cm.

Charles Grugan
Oct 18, 2016

Divide 6368 by 1738. Divide the value of 11cm by the answer of the previous. Boom solution.

Supathat Sukaiem
Oct 4, 2016

Very rough calculation:

R E R M = 6300 k m 1700 k m 3.7 \frac{R_E}{R_M} = \frac{6300 km}{1700 km} \approx 3.7

If R E 11 c m R_E \approx 11 cm , then R M 3 c m R_M \approx 3 cm

Brian McNamara
Oct 2, 2016
  • I solved it in a much faster way using estimation. Obviously the only issue here is one needs to have the multiple choice answers.

I used 6000km and 2000km to see that the ratio was roughly 3:1

Dividing 11 by 4 gives me 2.75 as a good estimate.

Adriano Feio
May 10, 2016

radius of the moon = (1738 x 11) / 6368 = 3.002

That's correct. Don't forget to include units (cm), otherwise the answer may not make sense.

Pranshu Gaba - 5 years, 1 month ago
Pranav Tamrakar
Apr 24, 2016

Calculate the difference between the radius between earth and which is 3.6 times then compare the options with the radius of football which one shows 3.6 that will be the ans..

Kyle Zollman
Mar 16, 2016

All I did was take the earth's radius and divided it by the moon's radius and got an answer approximate to 3.

So it looked like this:

6368 ÷ 1738 = 3.663981588

Approx. 3 (Tennis Ball)

In any other math problem I would've rounded up to the nearest whole number.

But I rounded down. Why?

Well, the Tennis Ball was the closest object to the whole number 3.

It couldn't have been the Soft Ball because 3.6 (our answer) is closer to 3 (tennis ball) and not 4.5 (soft ball).

Sadman Sazzad
Mar 13, 2016

I tried to do it without a calculator. I turned all the fig to 2 sig. Fig. That is 6400 and 1700. Took the ration (6400/1700 is approximately 4). Then 4 x 2.75 be 11...the closest option was 3.

Arjun Mohan
Mar 11, 2016

Just take the ratios. 63/17 is approx 3.6 so is 11/3

Ashu Soni
Nov 17, 2015

6368=1738 11 10^-5=x Cross multiply and we get x 6368=1738 11 10^-5 x=3.002 *10^-5km x=3.002 cm

I only read the title, then imagined Earth on my table and the moon next to it, and it came to me – it was definitely the size of a tennis ball; just using my hands to measure, remembering the sizes by heart. Nailed it. Then I read the full description and realized I had just bypassed a cumbersome calculation. LMAO

Bot Villegas
Oct 26, 2015

let x be the representation of moon... 636800/11 = 173800/x... x = approximately 3 cm as size radius of tennis ball ans..

Jaime Maldonado
Oct 18, 2015

Este es un problema de relación o escala, muy empleado en el dibujo de planos en ingeniería mecánica, civil, arquitectura y otras. En palabras se expresa: El radio de la tierra es al radio de la luna como el radio del modelo de la tierra es al radio del modelo de la luna. Matemáticamente: Rt/Rl = Rmt/Rml Numéricamente: 6378 km/1738 km = 11 cm/Rml La unidad km se cancela en la relación de la izquierda. Despejando la incognita: Rml = (1738/6368) * 11cm = 3.0022 cm Aproximadamente 3 cm esta es la respuesta. Tip 1: La matemáticas es un lenguaje como cualquiera y es importante hablar en matemáticas. Lo anterio es un ejemplo claro del uso del lenguaje de la matemática. Tip 2: El manejo de las unidades es muy importante. Observe que en este ejemplo no fue necesario convertir kilómetro (km) a centímetros (cm) porque la unidad km se anulo y la respuesta final está en cm y se debe mantener durante el desarrollo numérico del problema para evitar errores, además que ayuda a la solución, porque nos damos cuenta que el procedimiento fué correcto, al menos en ese sentido.

To find solutions to these problems , we can use the comparison between the actual radius with radius models. so the radius of the moon is a model ( 11x1738 ) : 6368 = 3.002 ... So, the best representation of the moon is tennis ball ( r = 3)

Without calculador... 6368 km is between 3 and 4 times bigger than 1738 km, near 4 times.

4 * 2 cm = 8 cm (too small)

4 * 4.5 cm = 18 cm (too big)

4 * 1 cm = 4 cm (too small)

4 * 3 cm = 12 cm (this is near 11 cm)

Venkatesh Patil
Aug 20, 2015

Followed the same principle as shown by Francis Nicole Raut of Philippines.

Nehemiah Osei
Aug 17, 2015

Let's consider the ratio of the radius of the Earth to that of the moon,

that's 6368 1738 \frac{6368}{1738}

since we are given the radius of the ball to be 11 11 , then the size of the object

representing the moon should be in the same ratio. Let the size of that object be

represented by x x

comparing ratios we have,

6368 1738 \frac{6368}{1738} = 11 x \frac{11}{x} ,

making x x the subject, we have

x x = 11 × 1738 6368 \frac{11 \times 1738}{6368}

    = 3
Francky Retice
Aug 10, 2015

Taking a scale:

11cm:6368km, ? cm : 1738km, ?= (1738km x11cm)/6368km = 3.002198492= 3 cm (1 significant figure)

Krishna Garg
Jul 13, 2015

Since radius of earth and moon are given to be 6368and 1738Km, therefore 11/6368 = x/1738 that is 3 cm equovalent to tennis ball Ans

Christian Moe
Jun 28, 2015

1738 x ( 3 ) = 5214 nearest number to 6368

3 x ( 3 ) = 9 nearest number to 11

so it's 3 XD

MoonRadius/EarthRadius = 0.2729 and 0.2729 * 11 nearly close to 3.0019

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