The form z + 1/z

Algebra Level 2

If for z C , z \in \mathbb{C} \space , z + 1 z = 2 cos 6 ° . z+\dfrac{1}{z}=2 \cos 6°. Then find the value of ( z 1000 + 1 z 1000 ) . \left( z^{1000}+\frac{1}{z^{1000}} \right).


The answer is -1.

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2 solutions

Sanjeet Raria
Nov 4, 2014

z + 1 z = 2 cos 6 ° z+\frac{1}{z}=2 \cos 6° We get the sense of De Moivré. Indeed z = cos 6 ° ± ι sin 6 ° z=\cos 6°\pm \iota \sin 6° z 1000 + 1 z 1000 = 2 cos 6000 ° = 2 ( 1 2 ) = 1 \Rightarrow z^{1000}+\frac{1}{z^{1000}}= 2 \cos 6000°=2(-\frac{1}{2})=\boxed{-1}

z 2 2 z c o s 6 + 1 = 0 z^{2} - 2zcos6 + 1 = 0

= z 2 2 z c o s 6 + c o s 2 6 + 1 c o s 2 6 = 0 = z^{2} - 2zcos6 + cos^{2}6 + 1 - cos^{2}6=0

( z c o s 6 ) 2 = i s n 2 6 (z-cos6)^{2} = - isn^{2}6

z = c o s 6 ± i s i n 6 z = cos6 \pm isin6

sandeep Rathod - 6 years, 7 months ago

It is a very smart way.

Panya Chunnanonda - 6 years, 7 months ago

Almost same! Except that I prefer euler over (trigonometric+De-moivre)!!

Pranjal Jain - 6 years, 7 months ago

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I see you're really smart in math, how's your Chemistry?

Sanjeet Raria - 6 years, 7 months ago

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Not as cool as maths! But still fine!

Pranjal Jain - 6 years, 7 months ago

me too !!!!! used euler then de-moivre theorm ! :-)

A Former Brilliant Member - 4 years, 7 months ago

I adore this solution!

Andjela Todorovic - 6 years, 7 months ago

I too did the same way.

Niranjan Khanderia - 6 years, 6 months ago

For the general equation z + 1 z = 2 cos ( θ ) z + \frac{1}{z} = 2\cos(\theta) , (where θ \theta is in radians instead of degrees), we can first rearrange and then apply the quadratic equation to find that

z 2 2 cos ( θ ) z + 1 = 0 z^{2} - 2\cos(\theta)z + 1 = 0

z = 2 cos ( θ ) ± 4 cos 2 ( θ ) 4 2 \Longrightarrow z = \dfrac{2\cos(\theta) \pm \sqrt{4\cos^{2}(\theta) - 4}}{2}

= cos ( θ ) ± 1 ( 1 cos 2 ( θ ) ) = cos ( θ ) ± i sin ( θ ) = e ± i θ = \cos(\theta) \pm \sqrt{-1*(1 - \cos^{2}(\theta))} = \cos(\theta) \pm i*|\sin(\theta)| = e^{\pm i\theta} .

Now regardless of whether we take the positive or negative root, the result for z 1000 + 1 z 1000 z^{1000} + \frac{1}{z^{1000}} will be the same, namely

e i 1000 θ + e i 1000 θ = 2 cos ( 1000 θ ) e^{i*1000*\theta} + e^{-i*1000*\theta} = 2\cos(1000*\theta) ,

which for θ = 6 = π 30 \theta = 6^{\circ} = \frac{\pi}{30} radians is

2 cos ( 100 π 3 ) = 2 cos ( 4 π 3 ) = 2 ( 1 2 ) = 1 2\cos(\frac{100\pi}{3}) = 2\cos(\frac{4\pi}{3}) = 2*(-\frac{1}{2}) = \boxed{-1} .

But I love this way.

Panya Chunnanonda - 6 years, 7 months ago

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Thanks, Panya. :)

Brian Charlesworth - 6 years, 7 months ago

Why would you post another solution when another one already exists and both are practically the same? Just asking...

Julian Poon - 6 years, 7 months ago

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Two reasons: (i) because I thought some readers of Sanjeet's solution might need a more expansive explanation, and (ii) I thought it might help to generalize the method. That's all. :)

Brian Charlesworth - 6 years, 7 months ago

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Yeah i agree with you completely sir. Different answers provide us the big picture.

Sanjeet Raria - 6 years, 7 months ago

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@Sanjeet Raria Thanks for the support, Sanjeet. Your answer is great, but I just thought my solution would be a good "companion" to yours. Great question: I too find the form ( x + 1 x ) (x + \frac{1}{x}) fascinating. :)

Brian Charlesworth - 6 years, 7 months ago

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@Brian Charlesworth I love it when a person of great admiration shares the same interests as i do. Thank you sir.

Sanjeet Raria - 6 years, 7 months ago

Oh ok! Thanks!

Julian Poon - 6 years, 7 months ago

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