Today is my birthday!

Today is the 6th of August and I turn 18 18 . Let x x be the remainder when the square of the trailing zeroes of the factorial of the product of the the hours, minutes and seconds I was born is divided by my age 3 3 years ago.

Find x 2 + 3 x + 4 x^2+3x+4 .

G i v e n : Given: Exact date of birth: 7:46:23 am, August 6, 1996.

You can try My Other Problems .


The answer is 8.

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3 solutions

Ivan Sekovanić
Aug 8, 2014

Let M M be the product of the hours, minutes and seconds. We can see that M = 7 46 23 M = 7406 M=7\cdot 46\cdot 23 \Rightarrow \boxed{M=7406} .

Now, in order for us to find the number of trailing zeroes in M ! M! , let us note two things:

1 1^{\circ} Trailing zeros are a sequence of 0 0 's in the decimal representation (or more generally, in any positional representation) of a number, after which no other digits follow.

2 2^{\circ} The only way to get trailing zeros (or a trailing zero) in a number is to be able to factorize the given number P P as P = M 2 m 5 n P=M\cdot 2^{m}\cdot 5^{n} , where M M is the product of the remaining prime factors and m , n 1 m,n \geq 1 . This basically means that 2 2 and 5 5 have got to be prime factors of the number.

Using these two statements, we can see that the number of trailing zeros equals the number of pairs of 2 2 's and 5 5 's in the prime factorization of 7406 ! 7406! .

Now take into account that we can "extract" 5 5 's and 2 2 's from 7406 ! 7406! from their multiples that appear as multipliers in 7406 ! 7406! (for example: 6 = 2 3 6=2\cdot 3 , giving us a 2 2 ). It is also rather obvious that there will be a lot more 2 2 's than 5 5 's in the prime factorization, therefore we only need to count the number of 5 5 's that appear there since we are certain that there will be enough 2 2 's to cover them.

We must also not forget to count the number of multiples of every power of 5 5 that is smaller than 7406 7406 , since in that case we get 2 2 5 5 's instead of 1 1 in the extraction (for example: 75 = 3 5 2 75=3\cdot 5^{2} , giving us 2 2 5 5 's instead of just 1 1 )!

In order to count the number of multiples G G of a number P P inside another number T T we use the following formula: G = T P G=\lfloor \frac{T}{P} \rfloor .

Since the biggest power of 5 5 that is smaller than 7406 7406 is 5 5 = 3125 5^{5}=3125 , the total number L L of extracted 5 5 's is:

L = 7406 5 + 7406 5 2 + 7406 5 3 + 7406 5 4 + 7406 5 5 L=\lfloor \frac{7406}{5} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{7406}{5^{2}} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{7406}{5^{3}} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{7406}{5^{4}} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{7406}{5^{5}} \rfloor \Rightarrow

L = 7406 5 + 7406 25 + 7406 125 + 7406 625 + 7406 3125 \Rightarrow L= \lfloor \frac{7406}{5} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{7406}{25} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{7406}{125} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{7406}{625} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{7406}{3125} \rfloor \Rightarrow

L = 1481 + 296 + 59 + 11 + 2 L = 1849 \Rightarrow L=1481+296+59+11+2 \Rightarrow \boxed{L=1849} .

Thus, the number of trailing zeros in M ! M! is 1849 1849 .

Note: We only count the squares, the cubes and the other powers once because we have already counted them in the number of multiples of 5 5 and/or the smaller powers consequently!

Now, all we need to do is find x x , which is the remainder when 184 9 2 1849^{2} is divided by 15 15 (if she is 18 18 years old now, 3 3 years ago she was 15 15 ). We get:

1849 4 ( m o d 15 ) 1849 \equiv 4 \pmod {15}

184 9 2 ( 4 ) 2 ( m o d 15 ) 1849^{2} \equiv (4)^{2} \pmod {15}

184 9 2 16 ( m o d 15 ) 1849^{2} \equiv 16 \pmod {15}

184 9 2 1 ( m o d 15 ) 1849^{2} \equiv 1 \pmod {15}

This means that finally x = 1 \boxed{x=1} !

At last, we can calculate the answer, which is

x 2 + 3 x + 4 = 1 + 3 + 4 = 8 x^{2}+3x+4=1+3+4=\boxed{8} .

Furthermore, happy birthday! :)

Ivan Sekovanić - 6 years, 10 months ago

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Thank you so much! :D

Astro Enthusiast - 6 years, 10 months ago

Very neat solution! :)

Astro Enthusiast - 6 years, 10 months ago

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Is this question really level 4 ???? It should be level 3 because it is not that hard to be level 4.......

Tushar Malik - 6 years, 3 months ago

The problem's pretty straightforward, as long as you don't get lost in your solution. And this is a pretty neat solution, indeed!

Bienvenido Luis Castro - 6 years, 7 months ago
Vaibhav Borale
Aug 5, 2014

I know question is tricky while reading but try to read carefully.

First of all, product of hours-minutes-seconds is = (7)(46)(23) = 7406

Now, number of trailing zeroes in 7406! (factorial) can be calculated as follows:

best best

Adding all results we get, 1481+296+59+11+2 = 1849

This is number of trailing zeroes.

Squaring it we get, 3418801, which gives out remainder 1 when divided by 15.

This is value of X .

Put in given equation: X ^2+3 X +4

Answer comes out to be 8.

Viola! :) It's so easy. HAHAHA

Astro Enthusiast - 6 years, 10 months ago

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Yup....it's easy :)

VAIBHAV borale - 6 years, 10 months ago

BTW, If this day is your b'DAY then be it a HAPPY one :) :p

Arya Samanta - 6 years, 10 months ago

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Hahaha. Yah, it is. Thanks :)

Astro Enthusiast - 6 years, 10 months ago

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@Astro Enthusiast Ohh......happy birthday BTW :)

VAIBHAV borale - 6 years, 10 months ago

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@Vaibhav Borale HAHAHA. Sorry for vanity but thanks! :)

Astro Enthusiast - 6 years, 10 months ago

the product of h,m,s = 7406 ,the trailing zeroes = 1849 ,the square = 3418801 ,the square devided by 15 (his age 3 years ago) = 227920.0667 (remainder = 1) so (x^2 +3x +4 = 8) so the answer is 8

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