Can You Resist The Donut?

You are given a disk of thickness h h with inner and outer radii r 1 r_1 and r 2 r_2 , respectively. If the resistivity of the disk varies as ρ = ρ 0 sec φ \rho = \rho_0 \left|\sec \varphi\right| , where φ \varphi is the polar angle, find the resistance between the points A A and B B .

Give your answer to 3 decimal places.

Details and Assumptions:

  • The inner and outer rims are metal rings with zero resistance.
  • Take r 2 r 1 = e 2 7.389 \dfrac {r_2}{r_1} = e^2 \approx 7.389 , ρ 0 = 10 Ω m \rho_0 = \SI{10}{\ohm \meter} , and h = 3 cm h= \SI{3}{\centi \meter} .


The answer is 166.667.

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3 solutions

Kishore S. Shenoy
Oct 30, 2016

Let's take a small volume as shown.

Since in that sector, infinitesimally small resistors are connected in series, d R = ρ d r d S dR = \dfrac{\rho dr}{dS}

where d S dS is the cross sectional area. d S = r d φ h dS = r \,d\varphi \cdot h , so the value becomes d R = ρ d r r h d φ R = ρ h r 1 r 2 1 r d r = ρ h d φ ln ( r 2 r 1 ) dR = \dfrac{\rho dr}{rh\,d\varphi}\\R = \dfrac{\rho}{h}\int_{r_1}^{r_2} \dfrac 1{r}dr = \dfrac{\rho}{h\,d\varphi}\ln\left(\dfrac{r_2}{r_1}\right)

Now, we see that there are infinitesimally small sectors arranged parallely. Using 1 R = 1 R i = 1 R ( x ) d x \displaystyle \dfrac 1 R = \sum \dfrac 1 {R_i} = \int \dfrac 1 {R(x)}dx , we get,

d ( 1 R ) = h d φ ρ ln ( r 2 r 1 ) 1 R = h ρ 0 ln ( r 2 r 1 ) 0 2 π 1 sec φ d φ = 4 h ρ 0 ln ( r 2 r 1 ) R = ρ 0 4 h ln ( r 2 r 1 ) d\left(\dfrac 1R\right) = \dfrac{h\,d\varphi}{\rho\ln\left(\dfrac{r_2}{r_1}\right)} \\\dfrac 1 R = \dfrac{h}{\rho_0\ln\left(\dfrac{r_2}{r_1}\right)}\int_0^{2\pi} \dfrac1{|\sec\varphi |}d\varphi = \dfrac{4h}{\rho_0\ln\left(\dfrac{r_2}{r_1}\right)}\\\Rightarrow R = \dfrac{\rho_0}{4h}\ln\left(\dfrac{r_2}{r_1}\right)

Substituting values, we get R = 500 3 Ω \color{#3D99F6}{\boxed{R = \dfrac{500}3\si{\ohm}}}

Same method , Just one difference that I 1st integrated for parallel and then series .

Nice Question :)

Aniket Sanghi - 4 years, 7 months ago

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Thanks Aniket!

Kishore S. Shenoy - 4 years, 7 months ago

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see my original problem too : here

A Former Brilliant Member - 4 years, 6 months ago

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@A Former Brilliant Member I am getting an answer... t = 6379.24 s t =6379.24s

Kishore S. Shenoy - 4 years, 6 months ago

Beautiful question and a equally good solution, and coincidentally, all my steps (including the diagram) while solving it were the same as that of your solution! I would be even happier if this question is an original innovation of yours

Swagat Panda - 4 years, 7 months ago

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Thank you. By the way, it is! (Except the name :) )

Kishore S. Shenoy - 4 years, 7 months ago

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You mean the question is original, but the name isn't?!

Swagat Panda - 4 years, 7 months ago

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@Swagat Panda Yeah. Somebody else renamed this question! I liked the name so much!

Kishore S. Shenoy - 4 years, 7 months ago

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@Kishore S. Shenoy I have to agree that the name is quite interesting and attractive.

Swagat Panda - 4 years, 7 months ago

why it happens with me only ? put the answer there as 166.6 but, no, it refused at one point i was thinking to press the discuss solution button but as it happened with me in aniket's problem i decided to close my eyes and put 166.66666666666667 and whoa, got it correct !

A Former Brilliant Member - 4 years, 6 months ago

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Only 8% tolerance I guess. Report it. They'll find a solution...

Kishore S. Shenoy - 4 years, 6 months ago

hey bro @Kishore S Shenoy how do you draw these great pics ? ( which software ?)

A Former Brilliant Member - 4 years, 6 months ago

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Hey! I use Illustrator by Adobe.

Kishore S. Shenoy - 4 years, 6 months ago

@Kishore S Shenoy , I am also a FIITJEE SOUTH DELHI student for JEE ADV 2018. Can you please suggest some books on physics which can help me to solve calculus based problems? Like to find tension in an elemental part of rope, problems to find electric flux and all that.

Priyanshu Mishra - 3 years, 5 months ago

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Irodov is a fine book. Use solutions too. Solutions can be found here .

Kishore S. Shenoy - 3 years, 3 months ago
Mark Hennings
Nov 7, 2016

The inner and outer rings are equipotentials, and 2 Φ = 0 \nabla^2\Phi = 0 , and hence we have Φ = α + β ln r \Phi \; = \; \alpha + \beta \ln r for some constants α , β \alpha,\beta . Thus the potential difference is V = Δ Φ = β ln r 2 r 1 V = \Delta \Phi =\beta \ln\tfrac{r_2}{r_1} .

The current density is j = ρ 1 E = ρ 1 Φ = cos ϕ ρ 0 d Φ d r r ^ = β cos ϕ ρ o r r ^ \mathbf{j} \; = \; \rho^{-1}\mathbf{E} \; = \; \rho^{-1} \nabla \Phi \; = \; \frac{|\cos\phi|}{\rho_0} \frac{d \Phi}{dr}\hat{\mathbf{r}} \; = \; \frac{\beta |\cos\phi|}{\rho_o r}\hat{\mathbf{r}} and so the current flowing in the circuit is I = 0 2 π β cos ϕ ρ 0 r r h d ϕ = 4 β h ρ 0 I \; = \; \int_0^{2\pi} \frac{\beta |\cos\phi|}{\rho_0 r} rh\,d\phi \; = \; \frac{4\beta h}{\rho_0} so that the resistance of the annulus is V I = ρ 0 4 h ln r 2 r 1 = 10 × 2 4 × 0.03 = 166.667 Ω \frac{V}{I} \; = \; \frac{\rho_0}{4h}\ln\tfrac{r_2}{r_1} \; = \; \frac{10 \times 2}{4 \times 0.03} \; = \; \boxed{166.667} \; \Omega

Steven Chase
Oct 30, 2016

Where did you used to write these? Do you have an iPad?

Md Zuhair - 2 years, 4 months ago

I just wrote it by hand on paper and then scanned it. But that was back in my pre-latex days

Steven Chase - 2 years, 4 months ago

O i see... Nice... Your handwriting seems far better than me

Md Zuhair - 2 years, 4 months ago

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