Very very simple, try it

Geometry Level 2

Find sum of the maximum and the minimum value of the function f ( x ) = 3 sin ( x ) + 4 cos ( x ) + 5. f(x)=3\sin(x)+4\cos(x)+5.


The answer is 10.

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7 solutions

Sandeep Bhardwaj
Dec 2, 2014

All the values of any function f f of the form f ( x ) = a . s i n x + b . c o s x f(x)=a.sinx+b.cosx lies in the interval [ a 2 + b 2 , a 2 + b 2 ] \left[ -\sqrt{a^2+b^2}, \sqrt{a^2+b^2} \right]

Therefore m i n . { 3. s i n x + 4. c o s x } = 3 2 + 4 2 = 5 min.\{ 3.sinx+4.cosx \}=-\sqrt{3^2+4^2}=-5

m a x . { 3. s i n x + 4. c o s x } = 3 2 + 4 2 = 5 \quad \quad \quad \quad max. \{ 3.sinx+4.cosx \}=\sqrt{3^2+4^2}=5

m i n . { f ( x ) } = 5 + 5 = 0 \implies min. \{ f(x) \}= -5+5 =0 , & m a x . { f ( x ) } = 5 + 5 = 10 \quad \& \quad max. \{ f(x) \}=5+5=10

Hence m i n . { f ( x ) } + m a x . { f ( x ) } = 0 + 10 = 10 min.\{f(x)\}+max.\{f(x)\}=0+10=\boxed{10}

I did it by using Fact that :

maximum + minimum = 2 * Average Value

Deepanshu Gupta - 6 years, 6 months ago

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How will you say that m i n + m a x = 2 × a v g min+max=2 \times avg in case of f ( x ) = x , x [ 1 , 10 ] f(x)=x, \forall x \in [1,10] ? @Deepanshu Gupta

Sandeep Bhardwaj - 6 years, 6 months ago

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I did not say it work for all functions ! But it always works for Linear cos -sin function with same angles ! I forget to mention it ! I use This fact because This is used in Physics frequently (in different manner) while Solving questions of alternating Current of NCERT etc. :)

Deepanshu Gupta - 6 years, 6 months ago

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@Deepanshu Gupta okk..then its alright. :)

Sandeep Bhardwaj - 6 years, 6 months ago
Hitoshi Yamamoto
Oct 6, 2015

Entre cosseno e seno, o cosseno tem o coeficiente maior que o seno. Então se adotar o menor e o maior valor possível para o cosseno, o seno tem valor 0.

cosx = -1

3 0 + 4 (-1) + 5 = 1

cosx = 1

3 0 + 4 1 + 5 = 9

Somando os dois valores: 9 + 1 = 10

Mihir Chakravarti
Dec 11, 2014

The maximum value of s i n s sins and c o s x cosx is 1 1 and the minimum value is 1 -1 so I just substituted the values to get the answer. By this method you can solve this question in under 20 seconds.

Ganesh Ayyappan
Dec 11, 2014

i used a formula i learnt in trig .....

for any expression in the form "a.sinx + b.cosx + c", its values lie between

root(a^2 + b^2) - c^2 <= a.sinx + b.cosx + c <= root(a^2 + b^2) + c^2

substitute a,b,c ..... hence the result

William Isoroku
Dec 11, 2014

Just graph it.

max and min value of asinx + bcosx+ c are (a+b)^1/2 +c and - (a+b)^1/2 +c their sum is 2c= 10

Jyotsna Sharma
Dec 2, 2014

-√(3^2+4^2)<=3.sinx+4.cosx<=+√(3^2+4^2) Adding 5 => 0<=f(x)<=10 Minimum value=0 Maximum value =10 0+10=10

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