What is a circle in the 101th dimension?

Algebra Level 5

Given that the numbers are all positive reals x 1 2 + x 2 2 + + x 101 2 = 1 x_1^2+x_2^2+\cdots+x_{101}^2=1

Maximize n = 2 101 1729 x 1 x n \displaystyle \sum_{n=2}^{101} 1729x_1 x_n .

None of these choices 23412 72900 1000 8645 1729

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1 solution

Aareyan Manzoor
Jan 7, 2016

write as 1729 x 1 n = 2 101 x n Cauchy-Swarz 1729 x 1 ( 1 2 + 1 2 + . . + 1 2 100 times ) ( x 2 2 + x 3 2 + . . . + x 101 2 ) 1729x_1\sum_{n=2}^{101}x_n≤^{\text{Cauchy-Swarz}}1729x_1\sqrt{(\underbrace{1^2+1^2+..+1^2}_{\text{100 times}})(x_2^2+x_3^2+...+x_{101}^2)} the expression equals 1729 x 1 ( 1 2 + 1 2 + . . + 1 2 100 times ) ( x 2 2 + x 3 2 + . . . + x 101 2 ) = 1729 100 x 1 2 ( 1 x 1 2 ) = 17290 x 1 2 ( 1 x 1 2 ) 1729x_1\sqrt{(\underbrace{1^2+1^2+..+1^2}_{\text{100 times}})(x_2^2+x_3^2+...+x_{101}^2)}=1729\sqrt{100x_1^2(1-x_1^2)}=17290\sqrt{x_1^2(1-x_1^2)} since all are positive, 1 x 1 2 1 x 1 2 0 1≥x_1^2\Longrightarrow 1-x_1^2≥0 . so AM-GM is legal 17290 x 1 2 ( 1 x 1 2 ) AM-GM 17290 x 1 + ( 1 x 1 ) 2 = 17290 2 = 8645 17290\sqrt{x_1^2(1-x_1^2)}≤^{\text{AM-GM}} 17290\dfrac{x_1+(1-x_1)}{2}=\dfrac{17290}{2}=\boxed{8645}


equity case x 1 = 1 2 , x 2 = x 3 = x 4 = . . = x 101 = 3 20 x_1=\dfrac{1}{2}\quad,x_2=x_3=x_4=..=x_{101}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{20}

Your "equity" case needs to be adjusted to the new situation!

Otto Bretscher - 5 years, 5 months ago

Don't you have just 99 quantities 1 2 1^2 in the first row? My answer came out to be 1729 99 2 \frac{1729\sqrt{99}}{2} , "none of the above"

Otto Bretscher - 5 years, 5 months ago

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you are right. i will change the wording to 101 dimension and you can report the problem. i dont know why but all my problems have wrong answer at first....

Aareyan Manzoor - 5 years, 5 months ago

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Just a small error, easy to correct... the problem reminds me of this one but you push it further in an interesting way (+1).

Otto Bretscher - 5 years, 5 months ago

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@Otto Bretscher yes it was inspired by those problems, but too many problems had the same idea so i didnt tag any.

Aareyan Manzoor - 5 years, 5 months ago

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@Aareyan Manzoor The theme here is the "common term", x 1 x_1 , which makes them easy to solve .

I solved it in this (analogous) way,

0 k = 2 101 ( x 1 10 x k ) 2 = 100 k = 1 101 x k 2 20 k = 2 101 x 1 x k = 100 20 k = 2 101 x 1 x k 0\leq \sum_{k=2}^{101}(x_1-10x_k)^2=100\sum_{k=1}^{101}x_k^2-20\sum_{k=2}^{101}x_1x_k=100-20\sum_{k=2}^{101}x_1x_k so that k = 2 101 x 1 x k 5 \sum_{k=2}^{101}x_1x_k\leq 5 and k = 2 101 1729 x 1 x k 8645 \sum_{k=2}^{101}1729x_1x_k\leq 8645

Otto Bretscher - 5 years, 5 months ago

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@Otto Bretscher yes. but what would be the case without common term , i.e n = 1 101 x n x n + 1 \sum_{n=1}^{101} x_n x_{n+1} . interesting theme for my next problem. i will try to solve this one now.Help will be appreciated though.

Aareyan Manzoor - 5 years, 5 months ago

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@Aareyan Manzoor This one is trickier. There are two versions... you can link it up with x 101 x 1 x_{101}x_1 or not. Enjoy!

Are you interested in my matrix problems?

Otto Bretscher - 5 years, 5 months ago

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@Otto Bretscher well, i havent learned linear algebra properly yet. i only know like the basic and lagrange multipliers for linear system i can solve. i probably cant solve any of them.....

Aareyan Manzoor - 5 years, 5 months ago

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@Aareyan Manzoor It's good stuff, well worth studying, easy for a guy like you. Get a copy of my text book! ;)

Otto Bretscher - 5 years, 5 months ago

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@Otto Bretscher this comment has just encouraged me to go and learn linear algebra! thanks for that,

Aareyan Manzoor - 5 years, 5 months ago

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@Aareyan Manzoor Linear algebra is a lot easier than Dirichlet series, and a lot more important ;)

Otto Bretscher - 5 years, 5 months ago

@Aareyan Manzoor Let me pose the easy version and I will leave the trickier one for you ;)

Otto Bretscher - 5 years, 5 months ago

You could have also chosen AM-GM

Department 8 - 5 years, 5 months ago

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Lol I got the answer and then forgot To multiply by 1729.

Shreyash Rai - 5 years, 4 months ago

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Nice beta JSTSE hum dono ka clear.

Department 8 - 5 years, 4 months ago

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@Department 8 abhi tak to chalu nahi kiya. ab aage dekhte hai. tere ko kya tension teri to gk strong hai.

Shreyash Rai - 5 years, 4 months ago

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@Shreyash Rai Abe chal meri silly mistakes boht zyada hain

Department 8 - 5 years, 4 months ago

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@Department 8 Silly mistakes Ki kahania suna dunga to..... Leave it we will talk about that somewhere else

Shreyash Rai - 5 years, 4 months ago

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@Shreyash Rai N class tomorrow

Department 8 - 5 years, 4 months ago

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