What kind of drugs are these?

Logic Level 1

Two new drugs AntiCynicismia and AntiMisantropia are currently in a clinical trial phase, where the pharmacists determine whether the drugs are safe to use. The trial was divided into five distinct groups and the results of the experiment are as follows:

Drug name AntiCynicismia AntiMisantropia
Group A 436 out of 545 people were cured, or 80% success rate 9 out of 10 people were cured, or 90% success rate
Group B 245 out of 350 people were cured, or 70% success rate 16 out of 20 people were cured, or 80% success rate
Group C 48 out of 80 people were cured, or 60% success rate 21 out of 30 people were cured, or 70% success rate
Group D 10 out of 20 people were cured, or 50% success rate 180 out of 300 people were cured, or 60% success rate
Group E 2 out of 5 people were cured, or 40% success rate 320 out of 640 people were cured, or 50% success rate

It may seem like AntiMisantropia is a more effective drug based on the success rates on different groups. However, this is not true!

Given that x % x\% is the difference in success rates between these two drugs, find the value of x x .


The answer is 19.5.

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3 solutions

Nicole Tay
Sep 17, 2015

Success Rate of AntiCynicismia= (436+245+48+10+2)/(545+350+80+20+5) = 74.1%

Success Rate of AntiMisantropia = (9+16+21+180+320)/(10+20+30+300+640)=54.6%

Percentage Difference in Success Rates = 74.1%-54.6% = 19.5%

Pi Han Goh - 5 years, 9 months ago

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wait a minute.... Where's the "decimal okay" notice? I inputted 20.

Julian Poon - 5 years, 8 months ago

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It's exactly 19.5 so I don't bother mentioning "answer to 3 decimal places.".

Pi Han Goh - 5 years, 8 months ago

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@Pi Han Goh Nah, maybe I just didn't see the little text that used to be above the answer box that says "Decimals OK" or something along the lines of that.

Julian Poon - 5 years, 8 months ago

@Pi Han Goh Easy but a nice question!!

Ravi Dwivedi - 5 years, 8 months ago

Whatever you do, don't add up the reduced denominators!

Oli Hohman
Dec 29, 2016

This is by no means a solution, but one good way to counteract Simpson's Paradox is through the use of weighted averages.

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