Let △ A B C be an acute angles triangle with ∠ B A C = 8 0 ∘ . Let M be the midpoint of B C , and let O be the circumcenter of △ A B C . Suppose there exists no point X in the plane of △ A B C which satisfies the following conditions.
Let ∠ A B C = N ∘ . Find 2 N .
Details and assumptions
- The diagram shows the point
X
,
which shouldn't exist.
- The first condition means
X
must be different from
O
and
A
.
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It only seems hard otherwise it is an very easy problem
If the answer is 5 0 ∘ , then how does one explain this?
Imgur
Clearly the X shown in the diagram fits all conditions.
I edited the problem to state "X has to be in the triangle." @Sreejato Bhattacharya is that okay?
P.S the statement X = A is not needed. Also, the fact that the triangle is acute is also not needed.
Wait that's not supposed to happen. The line joining A and O becomes the symmedian when A B = A C . Perhaps you might want to check your diagram?
And no. For the circle with diameter A O and the A - symmedian to intersect, we need △ A B C to be acute (ok I'm not completely sure about this; but it's better to be on the safe side). I have a proof that they must intersect when △ A B C is not isoceles and acute, I can post it if necessary.
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On Geogebra, I drew two lines intersecting at 8 0 ∘ . Then I put two points on the two lines to create triangle A B C . I drew the circumcircle and drew its center, and drew the midpoint. Then, I drew two more lines through A such that any point on these lines satisfy ∠ B A X = ∠ C A M . Finally, I drew the circle with diameter A O . Any time one of the lines through A intersect this circle with diameter A O , the intersection point is a point X . No matter how I moved B and C , even making the triangle obtuse, there existed an X . Maybe you should try it out yourself on Geogebra?
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But according to the question, X shouldn't exist.
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@Sreejato Bhattacharya – However, no matter where we put B or C , the Geogebra application showed that there always exists an X .
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@Daniel Liu – You need to put B and C in such a way that A B = A C . To do this, simply draw a circle centered at A and see where it intersects the lines. It is pretty obvious that X doesn't exist when A B = A C , because then the symmedian (set of X satisfying ∠ B A X = ∠ C A M ) is also the median, and it passes through A and O and hence can't intersect with the circle with diameter A O at any other point.
We would like to construct X, ignoring the first condition, where it cannot equal A or O. Draw circle with diameter AO, ω . If ∠ A X O = 9 0 , then X must lie on ω . Furthermore, if ∠ B A X = ∠ C A M then X must lie on the symmedian of A. Denote X can equal O when O lies on the symmedian of A. This restricts X to a single point. If X is to not exist, then X must coincide with O. Since O is the intersection of the perpendicular bisectors, O lies on the perpendicular bisector of BC. Also, O lies on the symmedian of A in this case. I shall now prove that M' must be M in this situation. Denote ∠ M A M ′ as γ . From basic angle chasing, we find that ∠ A M B = ∠ A M ′ B = 9 0 − 2 γ , meaning that M is M'. Thus the midpoint of BC lies on the angle bisector of A, meaning ABC is isoceles with A B = A C . Thus ∠ A B C = 5 0 and 2 N = 2 5 .
Suppose that X exists, we will follow through these steps.
1.) From ∠ B A X = ∠ C A M and A M is a median line, therefore A X is a symmedian line.
2.) Since M is a midpoint of B C , therefore O M ⊥ B C , and from ∠ A X O = 9 0 ∘ , therefore, A X is a portion of an altitude.
3.) I claim that the isogonal conjugate of orthocenter (intersected by A X ) is the circumcircle (intersected by A O ), so ∠ B A X = ∠ C A O .
4.) Finally, ∠ C A M = ∠ C A O , which means A , O , M are collinear.
The only possible case is △ A B C is an isosceles where ∠ A B C = ∠ A C B (and yes X violates X = O even though everything is correct), giving ∠ A B C = 5 0 ∘ .
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First draw a circle with centre O, Now since ABC is acute angled, therefore distance between BC & A is greater than R, so draw a mildly visible diameter, then draw BC in one of the semicircles, parallel to this diameter, till here no generality is lost... Now pick any point as A on the other semicircle & draw a circle C2 with A & O as diameter it will be intersected by AB at P & by AC at Q..., since Angle AOX = 90, X shall lie on this circle..., now drop a perpendicular from O to BC, let i intercept BC at M, now M will be the midpoint join A to M..., now if angle CAM > 40, X will lie inside triangle AMC and if angle CAM <40, then X will lie inside triangle AMB but arc PQ is available in both AMC & AMB, therefore X was possible!! Then the only case left, is to make CAM = 40, now our X must lie on the diameter AO of C2, which is not allowed as the angle wont be 90, but as CAM = 40, it is now the angle bisector aswell as the median, so our triangle ABC is isoceles..., BAC = 80, ABC = 50, N/2 = 25...,