Parabola

Calculus Level 4

Let f : [ 2 , ) [ 8 , ) f: [2, \infty) \mapsto [8, \infty) be a surjective function given by

f ( x ) = x 2 ( p 2 ) x + ( 3 p 2 ) \large f(x) = x^2 - (p-2) x + (3p - 2)

where p R p \in \mathbb{R} . If the sum of all possible values of p p can be represented as a + b c a + b \sqrt{c} where a , b a, b and c c are positive integers and c c is square free, then evaluate a b c \dfrac{a}{bc} .


The answer is 1.000.

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1 solution

Chew-Seong Cheong
May 18, 2017

It is noted that when x x \to \infty , f ( x ) f(x) \to \infty . We need to find the values of p p such that min ( f ( x ) ) = 8 \min (f(x)) = 8 for x [ 2 , ) x \in [2,\infty) . To do that we can find the value of p p , where f ( x ) = 0 f'(x) = 0 if f ( x ) > 0 f''(x) > 0 .

f ( x ) = 2 x ( p 2 ) For f ( x ) = 0 x = p 2 2 Note that f ( x ) = 2 > 0 min ( f ( x ) ) = f ( p 2 2 ) = 8 \begin{aligned} f'(x) & = 2x - (p-2) & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{For }f'(x) = 0 \\ \implies x & = \frac {p - 2}2 & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{Note that } f''(x) = 2 > 0 \\ \implies \min (f(x)) & = f\left(\frac {p - 2}2\right) = 8\end{aligned}

Therefore,

( p 2 2 ) 2 ( p 2 ) ( p 2 2 ) + 3 p 2 = 8 p 2 16 p + 44 = 0 p = 8 + 2 5 For p = 8 2 5 , p 2 2 < 2 rejected. \begin{aligned} \left(\frac {p - 2}2\right)^2 - (p-2)\left(\frac {p - 2}2\right)+3p-2 & = 8 \\ p^2 - 16p + 44 & = 0 \\ \implies p & = 8 + 2\sqrt 5 & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{For }p=8-2\sqrt 5, \ \frac {p-2}2 < 2 \text{ rejected.} \end{aligned}

For a strictly increasing f f , min ( f ( x ) ) = f ( 2 ) = 8 \min (f(x)) = f(2) = 8 . Then:

2 2 2 ( p 2 ) + 3 p 2 = 8 p = 2 \begin{aligned} 2^2 - 2(p-2) + 3p - 2 & = 8 \\ \implies p & = 2 \end{aligned}

f ( x ) = x 2 + 4 \implies f(x) = x^2 + 4 , a strictly increasing function.

Therefore, the sum of possible values of p p is 8 + 2 5 + 2 = 10 + 2 5 8+2\sqrt5+2=10+2\sqrt5 , a b c = 10 2 × 5 = 1 \implies \dfrac a{bc} = \dfrac {10}{2\times 5} = \boxed{1}

Thank you for the solution, I'll make the changes.

Tapas Mazumdar - 4 years ago

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You are welcome. I have changed my solution too.

Chew-Seong Cheong - 4 years ago

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I just wonder how can I someday be like u :(

Abdulmajed Al Marek - 4 years ago

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@Abdulmajed Al Marek Work hard and you will be if not better than I.

Chew-Seong Cheong - 4 years ago

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@Chew-Seong Cheong Would you please provide me with effective and proper materials that would make me thrive i just finshed my preparatory year program having an A+ on my first course in Calculus but I'm so interested in comprehending and exploring the beauty of math! Thank you Mr. Chew-Seong!

Abdulmajed Al Marek - 4 years ago

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@Abdulmajed Al Marek I am a retired person. I have not really been teaching. I am only doing math on Brilliant.org for fun. I am in fact relearning math and all my materials come from the Net. I cannot recommend any reference.

Chew-Seong Cheong - 4 years ago

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@Chew-Seong Cheong Thank you Mr.Chew-Seong best regards.

Abdulmajed Al Marek - 4 years ago

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